A Hepatitis B Virus test also known as HBV test is a blood test that determines whether there is an active hepatitis B infection. It may also be used to detect if there was an infection in the past. Hepatitis is a condition characterized by the inflammation and enlargement of the liver. HBV is usually spread by coming in contact with the blood of an infected person. The HBV infections have a varying course range lasting from a mild form that lasts only a few weeks to chronic form which may last years. The HBV infection may be acute or chronic.