The healthcare provider may order a thyroglobulin test if they suspect the symptoms of hyperthyroidism. The visible symptom is an enlarged thyroid gland which may be lead to thyroid cancer or Graves disease or thyroiditis. This usually happens if the person is suffering from autoimmune conditions as in this case the immune system creates antibodies that attack your own healthy cells. This betrayal can lead to severe damage to essential proteins. The production of antithyroglobulin antibodies attack the healthy thyroglobulin thus deteriorating their condition. The test is also ordered to check the level of antibodies in the person’s blood system.