Culture and Sensitivity - Catheter Tip Tips

Monitoring for signs of illness in your dog is crucial for detecting health issues early and seeking appropriate veterinary care. Here are some key areas to focus on when monitoring your dog's health:

Changes in appetite: monitor your dog's eating habits. Significant changes in appetite, such as a sudden loss of interest in food or excessive hunger, could indicate an underlying health problem.

Water intake: notice if your dog is drinking more or less water than usual. Increased thirst or decreased water intake can be signs of various health conditions.

Weight changes: regularly weigh your dog to track any significant weight gain or loss. Sudden and unexplained changes in weight can indicate health issues, such as metabolic disorders or gastrointestinal problems.

Behavior and activity level: pay attention to changes in your dog's behavior and activity level. If they become unusually lethargic, show a lack of interest in activities they previously enjoyed, or exhibit signs of distress or discomfort, it may indicate an underlying health problem.

Coat and skin condition: observe your dog's coat and skin regularly. Look for signs of excessive shedding, hair loss, dandruff, redness, swelling, rashes, or skin lesions. Changes in the coat or skin can be indications of allergies, infections, or other dermatological issues.

Digestive issues: monitor your dog's bowel movements for any abnormalities. Diarrhea, constipation, blood in the stool, or changes in the color or consistency of the stool can indicate gastrointestinal issues or dietary problems.

Urination: keep an eye on your dog's urination habits. Changes in frequency, volume, color, or odor of urine can be symptoms of urinary tract infections, kidney issues, or other urinary disorders.

Respiratory signs: watch for any abnormal respiratory signs, such as coughing, sneezing, wheezing, difficulty breathing, or nasal discharge. These signs can indicate respiratory infections, allergies, or other respiratory conditions.

Vomiting: occasional vomiting may not always be a cause for concern, but if your dog vomits frequently, vomits blood, or shows signs of distress after vomiting, it's essential to seek veterinary attention.

Oral health: regularly check your dog's mouth and teeth for signs of dental problems, such as bad breath, swollen gums, tartar buildup, or loose or missing teeth. Poor oral health can lead to various health issues if left untreated.

It's important to note that these signs can vary depending on the individual dog, breed, age, and underlying health conditions. If you notice any significant or persistent changes in your dog's health, it's best to consult with a veterinarian for a proper evaluation and guidance.

When there are high levels of uric acid in the blood a condition occurs called hyperuricemia. When there are high levels of uric acid in the blood it can lead to many diseases like highly painful arthritis disease called gout.

High uric acid can lead to many more health problems like kidney diseases, heart diseases and a few more. ;



Purines are nucleic acid ring structure bases. When these purines break down in the body uric acids are formed. These purines are found in the food we eat.

;Such foods are:

1) red meat

2) organ meat

3) seafood

4) beans

When we urinate we discard uric acid but when the body makes too much or we are not able to discard it through urination, hyperuricemia occurs. Discarding is an indication that the kidney is not functioning properly.

These uric acids at many places get crystallized by forming bonds to another and deposit at one place. Mainly it forms near joints or in your kidney. When immunity sees it as foreign substances wbc attacks the crystal causing it pain and inflammation.

;

Diseases

1) gout is a type of arthritis called gouty arthritis. 15 percent of people suffer from hyperuricemia. When there is a sudden drop in the levels of uric acid gout can be experienced. Gout at joints are isolated attacks for a short time like flares. But there are people who experience chronic gout. In this there are numbers of attacks for a long period of time.

Sometimes called gouty arthritis, occurs in about 20 percent of people with hyperuricemia. A rapid drop in uric acid levels can also trigger gout. Gout can appear as isolated attacks, or flares. Some people experience chronic gout, which involves a number of attacks occurring over short periods of time.



Gout can occur at any joints like knee, elbow, feet, ankles and sometimes toes and fingers. These are normal occurrences of gout. Usually gout happens to inflammate at night and continue to pain for a long period of time.

;

Symptoms of gout in the body are:



There is severe pain in your joints.


Joint stiff in the morning.


Joints are not able to move.


Redness and swelling are seen in the area of joints.


Misshapen joints can be seen.






2) kidney stones

Uric acid deposits in cyst to form the crystal stones in the kidney. Sometimes these stones are small in structure and can easily pass in urine while urinating. For some people these crystal forms are big and cannot leave the kidney or urinary tract which cause high pain in the abdomen. ;



Symptoms of kidney stones are:



There will be pain in the abdomen, back or in the urinary tract.


We might feel nauseated.


There is pain while urinating and urinating is increased.


There might be blood in your urine.


Your urine may smell more and you have fever and chills.



Sometimes when there is urine accumulation in the urinary tract there is bacterial infection.


;

3) tophaceous gout

When there is accumulation of crystal for many years it grows to form tophi. It is formed by clumping. These become hard and lumps like which are found in joints, ear. It makes the joint pain heavily and many where it compresses the nerves. High form can be visually distinguished.

;

People who are at risk:

Anyone can have hyperuricemia, it's not specific to somebody.

Who can have it more readily are:





Who consumes alcohol.


Medication given there is heart disease.


Some kind of pesticide exposure.


Lead exposure to people can be the cause.


Any other kidney diseases.


People who have high blood glucose and high pressure of blood


People with hypothyroidism can easily suffer from it.


People with high intake of proteins.





;

Hyperuricemia is diagnosed:



Blood and urine samples are tested to measure the creatine levels. It gives you the details of uric acid levels and kidney functions.



A blood sample is taken from the hand. Urine samples are taken for 24 hrs. By this doctors can determine the problem.



Doctors advised you to take a purines free diet which help doctors to determine:



1) to check whether you are eating high purine diets.

2) your body is making too much uric acid in the body.

3) your body excrete uric acid but maybe not enough.

3) when there is a change of gout, the doctor advised to check the knee by extracting fluid from joints. This is done by a fine needle and sent to the lab to determine the crystal in joints and to what levels it has reached. This tells us everything about gout.



;

Treatment



Gout is treated with following medication:

1) nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) prevent the inflammation of the gout. Ibuprofen, naproxen are given.

2) colchicine is given to people who don't have relief from nsaid.

;

Kidney stones are also tested with all this medication.



Conclusions:

The hyperuricemia can cause severe problems with diseases like kidney stones and gout. Many people take medication without consulting the doctors. All this can make you suffer all your life so please follow the doctors.

Dr. R. N. Choudhary



Https://www. Lybrate. Com/gurgaon/doctor/dr-r-n-choudhary-general-physician ;

Mbbs, md general medicine, fnb critical care

22 years experience 800 at clinic 500 online

Internal medicine specialist and effective doctor of infectious illnesses, Dr. R. N. Choudhary. He has expertise treating a variety of ailments, such as utis (urinary tract infections). Dr. Choudhary always takes great care to provide his patients the finest treatment and guidance for uti symptoms including burning when peeing and stomach pain.

When it comes to treating utis, he takes a complete approach, including both medical treatments like antibiotics and non-medical therapies like food modification guidance or lifestyle adjustments as needed. He also places a strong emphasis on preventative measures for his patients to lower their chance of infection recurrence or other linked health issues.



Dr. M. P. S saluja



Https://www. Lybrate. Com/gurgaon/doctor/dr-m-p-s-saluja-general-physician ;

Md, house job certificate (skin & std), mbbs

41 years experience 500 at clinic

Dr. M. P. S. Saluja is a highly skilled general practitioner with over 40 years of expertise in medicine and healthcare. He earned his mbbs from g. G. S. Medical college in faridkot in 1981 and his md from medical college amritsar in 1985, making him a trustworthy primary care physician for any medical difficulties that may occur.

He has extensive expertise treating patients with urinary system issues such as kidney stones, recurrent urinary tract infections, and other prevalent ailments related to this organ system. His extensive understanding of these disorders has made him an essential asset to many people suffering from them, since he can provide relevant advice on preventative measures as well as therapies for more severe instances.



Dr. S s tanwar



Https://www. Lybrate. Com/gurgaon/doctor/dr-s-s-tanwar-homeopath ;

Md - homeopathy, bhms

31 years experience 500 at clinic 500 online



Urinary tract illnesses (uti) are one of the most prevalent infections, affecting millions of individuals annually. Utis are caused by bacterial growth in the urinary system and, if left untreated, may result in serious health issues. Understanding what causes utis and how to treat them is crucial for preventing them. ;



Homeopathic medicines have been used for centuries, and a number of them have shown effective in treating a wide range of diseases. Dr. S. S. Tanwar, a homoeopathy physician with more than 15 years of expertise, has discovered that employing specialist homoeopathic medicines regularly and accurately tackles the underlying cause of uti. ;



Dr. Tanwar s previous position was as an assistant professor at the Dr. M. P. K. Homeopathic medical college, hospital, and research center. He has a bhms as well as an md degree in homeopathy. You can trust his therapy since he has a lot of knowledge.



Dr. Neha gupta



Https://www. Lybrate. Com/gurgaon/doctor/dr-neha-gupta-internal-medicine-specialist ;

Infectious disease fellowship, mbbs, md - general medicine, fnb- infectious d.

19 years experience 1500 - 2000 at clinic

Dr. Neha gupta is a very skilled and knowledgeable general physician who specialises in internal medicine. She has an mbbs from Dr. B. R. Ambedkar medical college and an md in general medicine from gandhi medical college, barkatullah university, bhopal. When a sick person goes to Dr. Gupta's clinic, they can be sure that they are being taken care of by a great doctor.

Dr. Gupta has done a lot of research on how to find and treat urinary tract infections (utis). She is adept at detecting the usual signs of urinary tract infections, such as frequent urination, acute pain during urination, murky or bloody urine, stomach pain, and/or foul-smelling urine. Before starting treatment for someone with a uti, she might also order any tests or scans that are needed to confirm a correct diagnosis.



Dr. Satish kumar gadi (lt col)



Https://www. Lybrate. Com/gurgaon/doctor/dr-satish-kumar-gadi-general-physician ;

Mbbs, mba - health care administration

47 years experience 500 at clinic 500 online

Dr. Satish kumar gadi is well recognised as a leading expert in general medicine thanks to his extensive career spanning more than four decades. Since Dr. Gadi has been practising medicine since 1975 after receiving his medical degree from delhi university, he has earned the utmost respect from both his patients and his peers in the medical community.

His years of expertise have given him the ability to spot symptoms quickly and properly, and the care he gives to patients who come to him with utis is exceptional. In addition, he carefully prescribes medicine to guarantee the greatest potential effectiveness as quickly as possible without overdosing on any one drug or causing any other unwanted side effects.



Dr. Jagdish prasad mehrotra



Https://www. Lybrate. Com/gurgaon/doctor/dr-jagdish-prasad-mehrotra-general-physician ;

Mbbs, d. P. H

47 years experience 450 at clinic 450 online

Dr. Jagdish prasad mehrotra, a general physician, is an experienced and skilled medical professional. He was awarded the gold medal in public health that is associated with the Dr. Bhagawan das wadhwa memorial. His knowledge and experience in the area of general medicine are both remarkable, and they have been of great use to patients in preventing ailments.

He is knowledgeable about the variables that increase a person's likelihood of developing a uti and informs his patients on the best ways to reduce those risks. He recommends older patients to consume lots of fluids, particularly water and clear beverages, to flush out uti-causing germs. ;

Additionally, he stresses the need of routinely cleansing the genital region before and after sexual activity, as well as peeing shortly after sexual activity, in order to push germs out of the body as rapidly as possible.



Dr. Vishwas madhav thakur



Https://www. Lybrate. Com/gurgaon/doctor/dr-vishwas-madhav-thakur-general-physician

Mbbs, afih, pgdmls, md-hrm, md-hm

32 years experience 1000 at clinic 1000 online

Dr. Vishwas madhav thakur has been treating common disorders like utis since 1990. He received his mbbs from the university of poona and his pgdmls from the symbiosis centre for healthcare education and research (schc). ;

With almost two decades of experience in this field, Dr. Thakur is known for his expertise in diagnosing and treating urinary tract infections (utis), one of the most common problems faced by individuals today. His vast knowledge on this subject allows him to be able to provide accurate diagnosis and suggest the best course of medications for each case.



Dr. Veena mattu



Https://www. Lybrate. Com/gurgaon/doctor/dr-veena-mattu-general-physician

Mbbs, f. E. M-rcgp (uk)

45 years experience 700 at clinic 700 online

She is a highly talented and well-respected general physician. The g. R. Medical college in gwalior is where Dr. Veena mattu obtained her mbbs in 1977. Additionally, in 2003, she was able to get the f. E. M. From the royal college of general physicians. She is an expert in illnesses and medical disorders due to her background in medicine, notably urinary tract infections. ;

Dr. Mattu frequently advises patients to start their uti treatment promptly in order to lower the hazards involved, such as bladder or urethral irritation, which may cause excruciating pain when urinating or even result in a full blockage from kidney stones if left untreated for too long.

Urinary tract infections, or utis, are unfortunately very common, with about 150 million people worldwide affected each year, most of whom are women. While there can be a lot of ways in which a person can contract a uti, some of the most common reasons include:



Not urinating often enough


Not urinating properly (not completely emptying the bladder)


Wiping (after urinating or using the washroom) from back to front


Use of certain birth control methods


Use of certain feminine hygiene products


Pregnancy



A urinary tract infection (uti) can cause a number of distinctive symptoms, such as pain in the lower abdomen or pelvic region or blood in the urine, making it difficult to go about your daily life. Antibiotics are the usual treatment for utis, and they can help manage symptoms, speed up recovery, and prevent complications. If a uti is left untreated, it can be the root cause of a number of serious health issues in the future.

If you are looking for ways to ease your symptoms and prevent infection, there are several home remedies that may help. In addition to taking antibiotics prescribed by a healthcare professional, try incorporating some of these simple tips into your daily routine:

Consume cranberries

If you are looking for a way to help prevent urinary tract infections, cranberries may be worth a try. Cranberries essentially contain an ingredient that can stop bacteria from sticking to a person's urinary tract walls. This can further reduce your risk of developing an infection of the urinary tract.

Though more research needs to be done in this area, some studies suggest that consuming a number of different cranberry products, such as cranberry supplements, unsweetened cranberry juice, or dried cranberries, might help reduce your risk of getting a uti.

If you are not a big fan of cranberry juice, cranberry caplets (or capsules) might be a great option for you. These cranberry powder caplets (or capsules) are basically designed to help maintain a person s urinary tract health. Each box usually contains 50 capsules.

Drink plenty of fluids

Although it may be painful to urinate when you have a urinary tract infection (uti), it s important to drink plenty of fluids, especially water. Healthy adults should aim to drink at least eight regular-size glasses of water on an everyday basis. Drinking lots of fluids can help flush out all the harmful bacteria from your urinary tract.

Use heating pads

Heating pads are often overlooked as a uti home remedy, but they can actually be quite effective in easing some of the discomfort and reducing the number of frequent trips to the bathroom that can come with a uti. For best results, you must apply the heating pad to the area of your lower abdomen.

However, if you are in severe pain that does not go away with at-home treatments, it is probably time to see a doctor. Many different factors can cause severe pain, so it's important to get a professional opinion to find out what's causing your pain and how to treat it.

Have healthy hygiene habits

Practicing healthy hygiene habits is the best way to prevent utis. Some simple tips to follow are:



Wash your genitals with mild soap and water every day


Wipe genitals from front to back (after you use the restroom)


Urinate soon after sexual intercourse


Drink a lot of fluids (especially water) on a regular basis


Empty your bladder regularly



Apart from these precautions, it is critical to empty your bladder on a regular basis to avoid a urinary tract infection. Holding your pee for too long can sometimes cause bacteria to build up in the bladder, which puts you at risk for infection. Peeing (or urinating) after having sex may help reduce your risk of urinary tract infections (utis) by flushing out bacteria that could have been introduced during intercourse.

Consume no bladder irritants

When you have a urinary tract infection (uti), you must avoid bladder irritants such as spicy food, caffeine, nicotine, alcohol, artificial sweeteners, and carbonated drinks. These substances can further aggravate your uti, making it more difficult for your body s immune system to fight off the infection.

You should instead focus on eating nutritious and healthy foods that are good for your overall health. This includes eating high-fiber carbohydrates, such as lentil soup or oatmeal. By doing so, you can not only deal with your urinary tract infection but also be less likely to experience digestive issues such as constipation or indigestion.

Conclusion:

Your bladder is a hollow organ located in your lower abdomen. It stores urine and releases it only when you urinate. Utis occur when bacteria from the intestines or the surrounding area enter the urinary tract and multiply there.

Utis are most common in women because their urethra is short and only about 1 inch in length. Because it is such a small opening, it is easy for bacteria to enter and cause an infection.

A urinary tract infection causes symptoms such as a frequent need to urinate, burning or pain during urination, cloudy and bad-smelling urine, and pelvic pain. If you are experiencing any of the aforementioned symptoms, you may be suffering from a urinary tract infection.

Although the majority of utis are caused by e. Coli, there are other bacteria that can also lead to utis. If you think you have been experiencing symptoms of a uti, you should contact your physician right away. Utis are mostly treated with antibiotics, but a doctor may need to perform a diagnosis first.

The best ways to prevent utis are by drinking plenty of fluids, staying well-hydrated, and cleaning yourself well after using the bathroom. Apart from that, you can also try the natural home remedies mentioned in this informative piece of writing. They have been working wonders for a lot of people around the world!

1. Dr Jayaraj
MBBS MS - General Surgery, D.N.B. - Mch. D.N.B. - Urology
19 Years Experience 500 - 700 at clinic 300 online
Dr A.K. Jayaraj is one of the top urologists residing in Chennai with six years of experience. He is a renowned Urological Society Of India (U.S.I.) member. Some treatments the doctor offers are Laser Kidney Stone Treatment and Reconstructive Urology. Prostate Laser Surgery and Laparoscopic procedures are known for precision in urology and Laparoscopic Surgeries. He has extensive experience doing robotic surgery on complicated conditions like prostate, kidney, and bladder tumours and replacing bladders in cases of bladder cancer.

2. Dr. Dev Krishna Bharathi C
MBBS, MS - General Surgery Fellowship in Minimal Access Surgery(FMAS) & Reproductive Medicine, MCh [Urology & Kidney Transplant]
13 years experience 500 - 700 at clinic 400 online
He is a well-known urologist with 13 years of experience. He worked as a Junior Resident - Dept Of Gen Surgery at Southern Headquarters Railway Hospital and as Assistant Professor - General Surgery at Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital. Currently works as Consultant - Laparoscopic and General Surgery at Sir Ivan Stedeford Hospital, Ambattur. He also serves as Assistant Professor of the Dept of Urology at Saveetha Medical College and Hospital.

He is a senior member of A.S.I. (Association of Minimal Access Surgeons of India) and also a Life Member of UNICON Urological Society of India, and an old speaker of the Indian Society for Assisted Reproduction (ISAR).

3. Dr Nitesh Jain
MCh - Urology, MBBS
12 Years Experience 700 - 1000 at the clinic
He is a well-known urologist with 12 years of expertise who works as a consultant urologist at Apollo Hospital (Main) in Chennai and Apollo Firstmed Hospital in Chennai. The Gold Medal (General Surgery) Among the medals and recognitions he has received are a Gold Medal (Urology) and Professional Memberships. Tamilnadu Medical Council Indian Medical Association Urological Society of India (U.S.I.) (I.M.A.). Member of the Live International Laparoscopic Urology Conference Scientific Committee and the Incontinence Update Conference Organising Committee. He is also well-known for successfully treating erectile dysfunction and infertility. He received robotic surgical training at Roswell Park Cancer Hospital in Buffalo, New York, U.S.A., and has participated in over 400 robotic surgeries.

4. Dr M.G.Rajamanickam
MCh (Urology) - Govt. Kilpauk Medical College
35 Years of Experience 400 - 500 at the clinic

Dr Rajamanickam is a Urologist with 35 years of experience in this domain. He achieved an MBBS from Kilpauk Medical College, an M.S. in General Surgery from the same institute, and an MCh in Urology/Genito-Urinary Surgery from the same institution. He treats various urinary disorders such as hematuria and hydrocele. He has also performed multiple surgeries, including cancer surgery and laser procedures (TURP). He is also well-known for adequately resolving erectile dysfunction and infertility.

5. Dr Cheran Govalan
MS - General Surgery, Mch Urology, Fellowship in advanced Laparoscopic Urology - Aesculap Academy and Urocare Foundation(Dr. George P Abraham)
11 Years of Experience . 400 online
He earned his M.S. in General Surgery from Annamalai University; did his M.Ch.Urology at Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences in Kochi. He also received Fellowship in Advanced Laparoscopic Urology from Aesculap Academy and Urocare Foundation (Dr George P Abraham). He is a committed member of the Indian Medical Association (I.M.A.), the Association of Surgeons of India, and the Urology Society of India. He specialises in a wide range of disorders, such as treating urinary tract infections (U.T.I.) and ailments through laser & robotic surgeries.

6. Dr Muruganandham K
MBBS - Thanjavur Medical College, MCh Urology (SGPGI), Lucknow, MS - General Surgery and D.N.B. (General Surgery) JIPMER

23 Years of Experience 800 at the clinic

He worked as a Senior Consultant & Head of Urology at Gleneagles Global Health City. He practised as a Consultant Urologist at RG Stone Urology & Laparoscopy Hospital. he gained his part of clinical Experience as Senior Resident and Junior Resident at JIPMER. He is a permanent member of the Indian Medical Association (I.M.A.) and a senior member of the Association of Southern Urologists (SZUSI)

7. Dr P B Sivaraman
MBBS, MS - General Surgery, MCh Madras
51 Years Experience 500 at the clinic
He is regarded as a distinguished and prominent urologist who has mentored other urologists who are national leaders in their respective fields. Trained in the UK, Poland, and Japan and worked in Saudi Arabia, Dr P.B. Sivaraman is one of the country's most experienced and respected Senior Urologists. He was honoured with the prestigious degree of Doctor of Science (D.Sc) from M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai. He has held the presidency of some of India's top professional urology institutions, including the Madras Urological Society and the Tamil Nadu Pondicherry Urological Society. He is also a founding member of COPE, an organisation dedicated to evaluating and raising prostate cancer awareness. He was Head Of the Department of Urology at Madras Medical College, one of the premier academic institutions in the country. He has carried out several endo-urological operations, such as TURP, Flexible Cystourethroscopy, TUR, Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy, and URSL.

8. Dr .K Ramesh
MBBS, MS - General Surgery - (TNMGRMU) D.N.B. (Urologist), FRCS - Urology - The Royal College of Surgeons (R.C.S.), UK, FEBU - Urology - Fellow of the European Board of Urology
31 years experience 1000 at the clinic
He was a senior member of the Indian Medical Association and held an early Fellowship in the Royal College of Physicians (I.M.A.). He is a senior member and vocal fellow of the European Board of Urology, is a reputed member of the Urological Society of India (U.S.I.), participates in ISU workshops and seminars and is a significant member of the Singapore Urology Association. He is regarded as a top choice for treating various urological conditions, including bladder and prostate cancer, benign prostatic enlargement, benign prostatic kidney stone disease, and cancer of the kidney stones and P.U.J.

9. Dr. Thirumalai Ganesan Govindasamy
M.S., MCh [Urology & Kidney Transplant] ,FRCS (Glasg.) FRCS (Urol), FRCS (London), Royal College Of Surgeons, FRCS (Edinburgh), M.B.A. hospital administration (University of Madras)
37 Years Experience FREE at clinic 1000 online
Dr Govindasamy is a prominent urologist with more than 37 years of experience. He got his MBBS from Madras University. He earned M.Ch. Urology and genito-urinary surgery from the All India Institute of Medical Sciences(AIIMS). He is part of the prestigious British Association of Urological Surgeons, the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons at Glasgow. He is a part of the Association of Southern Urologists of India.

10. Dr Ramachandran Vaidyanathan
MS - General Surgery MRCSEd D.N.B. (General Surgery) FRCS (Urol)
20 Years Experience 300 - 500 at the clinic
He is an active member of the Urological Society of India and a respected senior member of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh. He is also a significant member of the European Association of Urology. He has experience performing hundreds of kidney transplants, ureteric stone removal procedures (U.R.S.), and (LASER TURP) during his 20-year career. With a focus on urethral procedures, he has also contributed to numerous articles in many peer-reviewed journals. Presently, he is connected to the Hariharan diabetes and heart clinic.

Women have a higher risk of suffering from a Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) as compared to men. This is because women have a much shorter urethra. This makes it easier for bacteria to enter the bladder. These infections typically affect the urethra and the bladder. It can be the cause of great discomfort and pain, but the good news is that UTI can be easily treated. But what is more important is the UTIs can also be prevented. To do this, one must first understand the factors that can cause UTIs which include:

Sexual Intercourse: During the course of having sex, bacteria may be transferred from the vaginal cavity or bowels to the urethra. This can lead to cystitis. To reduce the risk of catching a UTI during the intercourse, women are advised to urinate within half an hour of having sex. It is also advisable for both partners to wash the genital area after having intercourse.
Constipation: A person suffering from constipation will be unable to completely empty their bladder. This encourages the growth of bacteria and can cause an infection. The easiest way to prevent constipation is to eat plenty of fibrous foods and drink plenty of water. After passing stool, always wash the area from front to back and not the other way around.
Urinary Tract Abnormalities: Some babies may be born with an abnormal urinary tract. If this prevents urine from leaving the body, it could be the cause of recurring urinary tract infections. In this case, surgery may be needed to correct the abnormality. If there is stasis in any part of the urinary tract then this can promote UTI.
Diabetes: It is a myth that eating too much sugar causes UTIs. However, in the case of diabetic patients, high sugar levels could promote the growth of organism in urine. This is because excess sugar is removed from the body through urine.
Bad Hygiene: Not keeping the genital area clean can also contribute towards urinary tract infections. Hence, always wash well after urinating and passing stool. If possible, have a shower instead of a bath. Avoid using feminine washes and douches as they can increase the irritation. Keep the genital area dry and favour cotton underwear. This allows the skin to breathe and does not allow bacteria to grow.
Dehydration: Not drinking enough water affects the body in a number of ways. It can also cause UTIs. This is because water helps flush toxins from the body. Without enough water, bacteria and toxins remain in the body and multiply. Ideally, one must drink at least 8-10 glasses of water a day to stay hydrated. Aerated drinks may satiate thirst but cannot be included in the daily water intake. Rather than hydrating the body, these drinks aggravate dehydration. Instead, one may infuse water with herbs and fruits to improve its flavour.

Urinary infection is one widespread disorder that most of human beings face in the later stages of their lives. The infection is experienced mostly by half of the women and according to statistical data, it has been noted that about 40% of women and 12% of men get infected with urinary infection. Women who are sexually active have more possibilities to get this infection. It is an infection suffered by many people and, which is more vulnerable to children and women.

The symptoms that are identified for a person with urinary infection are frequent urination and burning sensation at the time of passing urine. In certain cases, women even experience leaking of urine while sleeping. It is advised not to take this condition casually as it can lead to further complications, and medications need to be taken to reduce the discomfort caused.

Main Causes of Urinary Infection

- The main reason why urinary infection is caused is due to a bacterium that moves from the urinary duct into the urinary bladder.

- The other main reasons for urinary tract infection are due to sexual intercourse, pregnancy and diabetes.

- There are chances to get urinary infection if a person has sex with many partners

- In most women, urinary infection is caused due to hormonal imbalance after menopause

- Women should not hold back the urge for urinating frequently, as it can weaken the bladder and makes it prone to urinary infection.

Treatment for Urinary Infection

There are simple and helpful home remedies that can be used for the treatment of urinary infection, and these include

- It is very necessary to drink a lot of water, as it would help flush the bacteria from the bladder that causes the infection. It is advisable to drink at least 80 ounces of water on a daily basis.

- It is advisable to eat foods rich in Vitamin C as they are helpful in making the urine more acidic, and it inhibits further growth of the bacterium in the urinary tract.

- It is very important that spicy foods and bladder irritants like caffeine, carbonated drinks and artificial sweeteners be cut from the diet to reduce the irritation.

- It is very important to include healthy foods in your diet, and that are rich in high-fibre carbohydrates and helpful in the digestive health of your body.

- Herbal remedies can opt for treatment of urinary tract infection, and the leaves of bearberry are used for this purpose.

- Most importantly, it is very necessary to adopt healthier habits and quit smoking. Women should wear loose clothing and make use of personal hygiene products that are free from any fragrance.

Human urine is a useful tool for the diagnosis and detection of several health conditions. The colour, smell and density of your urine can reveal a lot about the state of your health. Colour, especially, is a strong determinant of many ailments or concerns.

Here is a list of the health conditions you might be suffering from, based on the colour of your urine:

Straw colour to transparent yellow colour: This urine colour signifies that your body is healthy and perfectly hydrated. This should be the normal colour of urine, which shows you are in good health.
Transparent or clear: Transparent and extra clear urine indicates that you have drunk too much water, which leads to the transparent appearance. It happens due to overhydration.
Dark yellow colour: This shade of urine is considered normal, but it may indicate some amount of dehydration. You need to drink more water to eliminate the darker yellowish tinge from your urine.
Honey colour: Urine of honey colour signifies dehydration and you must consume increased amounts of water.
Pink or red colour: Your urine may have a pinkish red shade when you consume foods like carrots, beets, blackberries and rhubarb. This may also happen due to the effect of some antibiotics or a drug which treats urinary tract infections. The presence of blood in your urine is indicated by these colours too, and it can lead to kidney diseases, UTI, prostate problems or tumors.
Orange colour: Your urine may have an orange colour which resembles the colour of orange soft drinks. This occurs as a result of a high dose of vitamins and several antibiotics. This colour may also indicate dehydration or problems related to the kidney or bile duct.
Blue or green colour: Such shades may be present in your urine because of dyes present in food items and medications. Your urine may turn blue or green, signifying several other medical conditions which require immediate medical attention.
Foamy: If your urine has a foamy appearance, irrespective of the colour and shade, you need to consult a doctor. The consistent foamy or frothy appearance of your urine may indicate the presence of protein in your urine, which further signifies problems in the kidneys.
Maple syrup colour: Urine of this shade indicates a severe case of dehydration or liver diseases.
Your urine tells a lot about your health by its colour, odour and density. The colour is an essential determinant for detecting several health conditions, which may be simple or chronic in nature. In case of abnormal urine colour or appearance, you should consult a doctor without delay.

Reproductive health is a significant social and medical concern in a developing country like India. An estimated 25% of women in India suffer from acute cystitis and recurrent UTIs or urinary tract infections. Women are susceptible to the condition and those that develop this disease within two weeks of treatment either undergo a recurrence or an infection owing to the original uropathogen. Preventing urinary tract infections has become even more significant since it can lead to further complications that may require surgery.

How to prevent recurrent UTIs?
The three main risk factors for recurrent urinary tract infections in women include a high number of sexual intercourse without protection, the use of a diaphragm and spermicide, and lastly, the loss of effect of estrogen in the vagina and periurethral structures. Women that suffer from about 2 to 3 urinary tract infections in a year can significantly benefit from behavioral modifications.

A few effective measures have been listed below:

Emptying the bladder: Sexually active women must void the bladder right after sexual intercourse. This action reduces the chances of coitus-related introduction of bacteria into the bladder. According to some experts, large volumes of urinary flow can also reduce the risk of urinary tract infections.
Drinking more fluids: The increased intake of fluids, preferably coconut water and plain water, can reduce the risk of repeated infections in women s urinary tracts. The benefits are not limited to premenopausal women, but women of all ages. A frequent voiding of the bladder also cuts the chances of infection.
Refraining from holding it: As long as women retain urine to sit in their bladders, bacteria can build up and spread to other parts as well. Medical professionals advise women to use the washroom once every 4 hours and more often if they have recurrent urinary tract infections.
Wiping from front to back: Bacterial infection to the urethra can be accessed through the vagina and the rectum. When women wipe from back to front, the bacteria in the rectum accesses the urethra through the vagina. To avoid this, women are advised to wipe from front to back.
Cranberries are good for health: Cranberries are rich in proanthocyanins. These chemicals are believed to inhibit bacteria from sticking into the bladder. In the absence of access to real cranberries, women should drink cranberry juice or its supplements.
Choosing suitable contraceptives: Women that are prone to develop UTIs should stay away from diaphragms and spermicide since these can alter the natural pH balance of their private parts. This aids bacterial growth. Diaphragms are less problematic, but they may inhibit the complete voiding of the bladder and may trigger bacterial overgrowth.
Women who are approaching menopause or in menopause must consider ingesting estrogen supplements since the deficiency of this useful hormone makes them vulnerable to infection-causing bacteria. It is advisable to discuss the issue with the doctor and follow the recommendations.

Urine is the body s way of removing toxins from the bloodstream. This should be a painless procedure but many people complain of a painful urination. This pain could stem from issues with the urethra, bladder or perineum. It may be caused by a number of factors.

These include:

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI): UTI could be caused by an inflammation of the urethra or bacterial infection. In either case, painful urination is one of the first signs that can be identified. Women have a higher risk of UTIs as they have a shorter urethra as compared to men. This allows bacteria to travel through the urethra easily to reach the bladder.
Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI): A sexually transmitted infection such as gonorrhea, genital herpes or chlamydia could also cause painful urination. These diseases may not have other visible symptoms and hence it is important to get yourself checked out by a doctor. Simple sexual practices such as engaging in safe sex and abstaining from sexual intercourse with multiple partners can help prevent STIs.
Prostatitis: This is a condition in which the prostate gland gets inflamed. This affects only men and is a common cause of painful urination and a stinging sensation while passing urine.
Cystitis: Cystitis can be described as an inflammation of the lining of the bladder. It can make a person want to urinate more frequently, cause urinary incontinence and painful urination. One of the types of cystitis is Interstitial cystitis (IC).
Kidney Stones: Mineral deposits in the kidneys are known as kidney stones. The size of these stones can range from a few mm to be as big as the size of a golf ball, in an irregular shape. The larger the kidney stone, the more painful it will be. Small kidney stones may be passed out of the body along with urine while surgical intervention may be required for larger kidney stones.
Urethral Stricture: This is a condition where the urethra is narrowed by the development of scar tissue around it. It may be the result of previous surgery, trauma to the abdomen, cancer, radiation, etc. as the urethra is narrowed, the amount of urine that can pass through it is reduced thereby causing pain and difficulty urinating.
Allergy: An allergic reaction to soaps, lotions, creams and other such personal hygiene products used in the genital area can also contribute to painful urination. Sometimes the dyes in laundry and detergents can also cause irritation in your private parts.