Helicobacter pylori or H-Pylori test is a diagnostic tool used to detect a bacterial infection in the stomach and it also measures the effectiveness of ongoing treatment. H-pylori infection is associated with an increased risk of developing ulcers (peptic ulcer disease), chronic gastritis, and gastric (stomach) cancer. H-Pylori Antibody test looks for antibodies which the body develops in response to infection. These antibodies will typically be present if a person has or had a recent or past infection and may remain detectable for 12-18 months after treatment. The different methods of testing may require samples from stool or breath while the invasive technique gets a sample from the tissue.