Chickenpox is a relatively benign illness in childhood, but in adults, it occurs with great severity and with complications that can be fatal. Normally, the diagnosis is made only by the clinical signs of the disease. The Varicella-Zoster-DNA-PCR medical investigation is used to detect varicella-zoster virus (VZV) DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with VZV infection associated with neurological symptoms. This test is a supportive test for the early diagnosis of VZV linked neurological disease. Positive results were obtained in three of five children with post-chicken pox cerebellitis and in seven of seven herpes zoster patients with neurological symptoms.