Physicians diagnose Thalassemias through different blood tests. It includes CBC – complete blood count test, hemoglobin test and special hemoglobin test. Beta Thalassemia refers to a blood disorder. It also indicates a group of blood disorders, caused by inheritance. Polymorphism refers to genetic change or mutation. This condition affects the production of hemoglobin, causing moderate to severe anemia. Hemoglobin is the protein that contains iron in the red blood cells in the body. This protein is responsible to carry the oxygen to all cells. People who suffer from this condition have low hemoglobin. Low hemoglobin obstructs the supply of oxygen.