Calcium (1) Tips

What is endocrine disorders?

Endocrine disorders are medical conditions that affect the body's endocrine system.

Many symptoms, including exhaustion, weight gain, and changes in mood or appetite, might be brought on by them.

Endocrine disorders may be caused by a number of factors, including genetics, environmental exposure, and other medical conditions.

Types of endocrine disorder:



Diabetes mellitus: it is a chronic disorder that causes the body to be less able to make or react to insulin, which raises blood sugar levels.


Hypothyroidism: this disorder causes slower biological activities because the thyroid gland does not generate enough of several hormones.


Hyperthyroidism: a disorder when the thyroid gland overproduces certain hormones, causing the body to operate quickly.


Cushing's syndrome: a disorder that can result in weight gain and other symptoms due to excessive amounts of the hormone cortisol, which is generated by the adrenal glands.


Addison's disease: it is an autoimmune condition that damages the adrenal glands and causes inadequate cortisol and other hormone synthesis.


Acromegaly: a disorder caused by excess growth hormone production, resulting in enlarged hands and feet, facial features, and other physical changes.


Polycystic ovarian syndrome (pcos): a hormone disorder that affects female reproductive health, leading to irregular menstrual cycles and infertility issues



What are the signs and symptoms of endocrine disorders?



Diabetes: the signs and symptoms of this condition include an increase in thirst, frequent urination, exhaustion, loss of weight, blurry vision, and a slowing of wound healing.


Hypothyroidism: it is characterised by a variety of symptoms, such as an increase in body weight, constipation, weariness, dry skin and hair, and depression.


Hyperthyroidism: symptoms include sudden weight loss, nervousness or irritability, rapid heartbeat, sweating profusely and bulging eyes (exophthalmos).


Cushing s syndrome: this disorder is caused by an overproduction of cortisol from the adrenal glands which can lead to a variety of signs or symptoms such as weight gain in the face and trunk area as well as thinning arms and legs; thinning skin; pink or purple stretch marks on abdomen; high blood pressure; muscle weakness; fatigue; and increased risk for infections due to impaired immune system function.


Addison s disease: this endocrine disorder occurs when the adrenal glands don't produce enough hormones such as cortisol and aldosterone leading to symptoms like fatigue, muscle weakness, loss of appetite, nausea/vomiting, low blood pressure (hypotension), darkening of skin in certain areas (hyperpigmentation), salt cravings along with depression and anxiety.



What are possible complications of endocrine disorders?



Diabetes can lead to a variety of complications, such as heart disease and stroke, kidney damage, vision loss, nerve damage, and amputation.


Hypothyroidism can cause a variety of physical and mental symptoms, such as fatigue, depression, dry skin and hair loss. It can also lead to an increased risk of heart disease and high cholesterol.


Hyperthyroidism can cause a wide range of symptoms including weight loss, increased appetite, increased sweating, palpitations (a feeling like your heart is racing), difficulty sleeping and irritability. It can also lead to an increased risk of osteoporosis.


Cushing's syndrome symptoms include weight gain in the face and upper body region, thinning skin, stretch marks on the skin, acne and other skin problems, excessive facial hair growth in women and weakened muscles or bones.


Addison's disease is caused by an underproduction of hormones from the adrenal gland leading to fatigue, low blood pressure (hypotension), salt craving and darkening patches on the skin (hyperpigmentation).


Other endocrine disorders such as polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos) or adrenal insufficiency can also lead to various complications including infertility or an increased risk for diabetes or cardiovascular disease.



Benefits of natural treatments



Non-invasive, safe and low-risk: natural treatments are generally non-invasive, safe and low-risk. This can lead to greater acceptance by patients as well as lower healthcare costs.


Empowerment: natural treatments can help patients feel more in control of their health by taking an active role in their own healing process.


Improved quality of life: natural treatments are known to improve overall quality of life, reduce fatigue and stress levels, and improve mood and energy levels.



Holistic ways to manage symptoms



Eat a nutrient-dense diet: focus on fresh, whole, and unprocessed foods.


Exercise regularly: aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise per day.


Reduce stress: practice relaxation techniques such as yoga, meditation, and deep breathing.


Get adequate sleep: aim for 7-8 hours per night.


Supplement carefully: nutritional supplements may help to manage endocrine disease symptoms when used correctly.


Avoid toxins: limit your exposure to environmental pollutants and toxic chemicals in processed foods and personal care products.



Diet and exercise changes for treating endocrine diseases

For endocrine diseases, diet and exercise changes may include reducing the amount of processed foods consumed, increasing intake of fruits and vegetables, reducing caffeine and alcohol intake, exercising regularly, and monitoring blood sugar levels.

Mindfulness practices for endocrine disease



Deep breathing: the practice of taking long, calm breaths while concentrating on the breath might be beneficial for lowering stress and restoring hormone balance.


Body scanning: scanning your body and noticing any sensations or emotions can help to bring awareness to areas of tension that may be contributing to endocrine disease.


Guided imagery: guided imagery can help create a relaxed state, reduce stress levels, and promote healing.


Meditation: meditation can help to reduce stress and balance hormones that are out of balance due to endocrine disease.


Gratitude practice: practising gratitude can help shift focus away from worries and negative thoughts, allowing for a more positive outlook on life which can in turn help improve endocrine health.



Home remedies and tips for endocrine disorders



Ashwagandha (withania somnifera): ashwagandha is an ayurvedic herb used for centuries to help balance hormones, reduce inflammation and stress, improve circulation, and support a healthy immune system.


Fenugreek (trigonella foenum-graecum): fenugreek is an ayurvedic herb that helps to regulate the endocrine system and its hormones. It has been shown to help lower cortisol levels, regulate blood sugar levels and promote a healthy metabolism.


Shatavari (asparagus racemosus): shatavari has been traditionally used in ayurveda to balance hormones, boost fertility and increase libido. It can also help reduce anxiety and stress levels that can affect hormone balance.


Guggul (commiphora mukul): guggul is a resin derived from the mukul tree that has been used in ayurveda for centuries to treat endocrine disorders such as diabetes, thyroid problems, low libido and obesity.


Brahmi (bacopa monnieri): brahmi is an ayurvedic herb that helps to reduce stress and anxiety which can lead to better hormonal balance in the body.


Amalaki (emblica officinalis): amalaki is an ancient ayurvedic herb used to boost energy levels and balance hormones naturally by stimulating the pituitary gland located at the base of the brain responsible for releasing important hormones in the body like serotonin, dopamine and melatonin which are linked to overall well being.


Licorice root (glycyrrhiza glabra): licorice root is an adaptogenic herb with many health benefits including balancing hormones naturally by increasing progesterone levels while decreasing cortisol production in the body which can be beneficial for those with endocrine disorders like pcos or infertility.


Bitter melon (momordica charantia): bitter melon has long been used in traditional medicine as a natural remedy for diabetes due to its ability to lower blood sugar levels while also helping with other endocrine disorders like hypothyroidism due to its high content of antioxidants, vitamins, minerals and other nutrients.


Shilajit (asphaltum punjabinum): shilajit is a mineral-rich resin found in mountain ranges across india that has been used for centuries as an ayurvedic tonic for treating endocrine disorders like diabetes due its high content of trace minerals including calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc as well as plant based compounds like fulvic acid which help regulate hormones naturally.



What are the surgical treatments for endocrine disorders?



Endoscopic thyroidectomy: the thyroid gland may be completely or partially removed with this operation, which involves just a little amount of incision work. The procedure is used to treat various thyroid disorders such as hyperthyroidism, nodules, goitres, and cancer of the thyroid gland.


Adrenalectomy: during this procedure, the adrenal glands, which are important for manufacturing hormones that govern metabolism and other physiological processes, may have all or a portion of their tissue removed. It is used to treat conditions such as cushing's syndrome, congenital adrenal hyperplasia (cah), aldosteronism, and pheochromocytoma.


Parathyroidectomy: this procedure involves removing one or more of the parathyroid glands located in the neck near the thyroid gland. It is used to treat conditions such as hyperparathyroidism, which can lead to high levels of calcium in the blood and increased risk for kidney stones and bone loss.


Pancreatectomy: this procedure involves removing some or all of the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach that helps with digestion and produces hormones to regulate blood sugar levels. It can be used to treat pancreatic cancer, pancreatitis, and other conditions affecting the pancreas.



Best doctors to consult for endocrine disorders?



Endocrinologists: endocrinologists specialise in the diagnosis and treatment of endocrine disorders, such as diabetes, thyroid disease, and reproductive disorders. They are able to provide comprehensive care for endocrine-related conditions, from diagnosis to treatment.


Primary care physicians: primary care physicians are general practitioners who can provide basic care for endocrine disorders. They may be able to diagnose and treat simple conditions or refer patients to an endocrinologist when needed.


Paediatricians: paediatricians specialising in the health and medical care of infants, children, and adolescents. They can diagnose and treat endocrine disorders that affect children and provide ongoing care for these conditions as they age.


Nurse practitioners: nurse practitioners (nps) are advanced practice nurses who can provide primary care services including diagnosis, treatment, and management of endocrine disorders in both adults and children.

What is thyroid dysfunction?

Thyroid dysfunction, also known as hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, is a medical condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones or produces more than the body needs.

Hypothyroidism is the most common type of thyroid dysfunction and occurs when there is too little production of thyroid hormones. Hyperthyroidism occurs when there is too much production of these hormones. ;

Thyroid dysfunction can be caused by both non-medical and medical factors, such as autoimmune disorders like hashimoto's disease or lifestyle choices such as nutrition and stress levels.

Symptoms of an imbalance in these hormones may include fatigue, weight gain or loss, feeling hot or cold all the time, depression and difficulty concentrating. When left untreated it can lead to more serious health issues such as infertility and heart problems. Treatment for thyroid dysfunction typically involves either medications to help regulate hormone production or lifestyle modifications depending on the cause.

What are the signs and symptoms of thyroid dysfunction?

The signs and symptoms of thyroid dysfunction can vary depending on whether the thyroid is producing too much or too little of its hormones.

When the thyroid produces too much a condition called hyperthyroidism signs and symptoms can include:



Weight loss


Anxiety


Rapid heart rate


Heat intolerance


Sweating


Difficulty sleeping


Tremors in your hands and fingers



When the thyroid does not produce enough hormones a condition called hypothyroidism symptoms can include:



Fatigue


Weakness


Weight gain


Cold intolerance


Dry skin or hair


Joint pain or stiffness



What are possible complications of thyroid dysfunction? ;

Thyroid dysfunction is a condition that occurs when the production of essential hormones produced by the thyroid gland is imbalanced. This can either lead to a decrease (hypothyroidism) or an increase (hyperthyroidism) in hormones released. The complications associated with thyroid dysfunction vary depending on the severity of the condition, but can include many physical and mental health issues.



Hypothyroidism, which is an underproduction of hormones, often leads to symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, hair loss, and constipation. It can also cause other conditions such as heart disease and infertility. Elevated levels of ldl cholesterol are common in hypothyroidism patients due to an inability to metabolise cholesterol properly. Additionally, people suffering from hypothyroidism may experience cognitive difficulties due to lower levels of oxygen reaching the brain caused by slowed metabolism.


Hyperthyroidism is characterised by overproduction of hormones which leads to symptoms such as weight loss, increased appetite, tremors and irritability. Long-term effects can include eye problems like exophthalmos (eye bulging), osteoporosis caused by leaching calcium from bones, and congestive heart failure due impaired heart and lung function. Additionally hyperthyroidism can lead to psychological issues like anxiety disorder and depression which arise from emotional instability caused by fluctuating hormone levels inside the body.


In some cases untreated thyroid dysfunction may even lead to coma or death if left uncontrolled for long periods without medical intervention or lifestyle changes necessary for symptom management. Careful monitoring is essential for the effective management of this condition in order to minimise or avert potential complications associated with it.



10 natural ways to treat thyroid dysfunction



Eat foods rich in selenium: selenium is a mineral found in seafood, eggs, sunflower seeds, brazil nuts, and mushrooms that plays a crucial role in our health. Eating foods high in selenium can help the thyroid gland produce hormones more effectively.


Avoid caffeine: caffeine has been found to interfere with the absorption of thyroid hormones so reducing the amount of coffee, tea or caffeine-containing products you consume can help improve your symptoms.


Avoid processed foods: processed foods are often loaded with added sugars and unhealthy trans fats which can disrupt normal hormone levels and interfere with proper functioning of the thyroid gland.


Add iodine-rich foods to your diet: iodine is necessary for proper production of thyroid hormone so it s important to include adequate amounts of this mineral in your diet if you suffer from thyroid symptoms like hypothyroidism or goitre. Some good sources of iodine include seaweed, navy beans, yogurt, eggs and shrimp!


Reduce exposure to environmental toxins like bromides & perchlorates: bromides are common pesticide found on food crops and perchlorates are also added to food as a preservative thus these toxins both act disruptors for our endocrine system disrupting things like thyroid hormone synthesis! it s best to buy organic produce if possible and filter your drinking water if these two chemicals may be present!


Eat a balanced and healthy diet: ensure that your diet contains a wide array of fresh fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, nuts, seeds, and whole grains. Avoid processed or fried foods and excess sugar as these can easily disrupt your hormones.


Manage stress: take time to relax through yoga or meditation to reduce anxiety and stress levels associated with thyroid dysfunction.


Exercise regularly: regular exercise helps support the healthy functioning of the thyroid gland and hormones, so aim for at least 30 minutes per day of moderate intensity activity like walking or biking.


Use herbs and spices wisely: certain herbs such as ashwagandha have hormonal balancing effects on thyroid health while turmeric helps reduce inflammation associated with autoimmune conditions such as hypothyroidism


Drink vitamin-rich beverages: enjoy antioxidant-rich drinks to help improve overall health including green tea (great for metabolism) as well as lemon water which can assist with detoxification processes


Get adequate rest: sleep deprivation is one of the most overlooked culprits of poor health so ensure you re getting enough high-quality restful sleep each night (7-9 hours).



What are the surgical treatments for thyroid dysfunction?

Surgical treatments commonly used to treat thyroid dysfunctions include the following:



Total thyroidectomy: this type of surgery involves complete removal of a diseased or cancerous thyroid gland. It is usually an option for people with severe hyperthyroidism caused by graves disease or for those with large goitres which have grown too large to be regulated with medications.


Lobectomy: this type of surgery involves removing part of the affected gland, such as a lobe. It is generally used to remove tumours, cysts or other growths in one area.


Subtotal thyroidectomy: this type of surgery involves removing most if not all of the affected gland but leaving some remaining tissue behind in order to prevent hypothyroidism after the procedure.
The goal of post-surgery is typically to maintain normal hormone levels while avoiding complications related to hypothyroidism, such as fatigue and weight gain.



Best doctors to consult for thyroid dysfunction?



Endocrinologists are the best doctors to consult for thyroid dysfunction. They specialise in treating problems of the endocrine system, including disorders of the thyroid gland.


Primary care physicians are also a good option if you have thyroid dysfunction as they can diagnose and treat common thyroid problems like hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.


Other specialists, like nutritionists and psychiatrists, can help if you experience depression or other mental health issues associated with your thyroid disorder.


Depending on your individual case, it may also be beneficial to work with an integrative or complementary medicine practitioner to supplement traditional treatments for a more holistic approach to managing your condition

1. Dr. Dwarakanath c s ;

Https://www. Lybrate. Com/bangalore/doctor/dr-dwarakanath-c-s-endocrinologist

Mbbs, md endocrinologist, dm - endocrinology

39 years experience 300 - 700 at clinic

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He is a highly regarded doctor who has successfully treated many patients with challenging conditions. He's a top-notch endocrinologist. In 1983, he received his mbbs from the university of mysore. In 1987, he received his md in endocrinology from the same institution. In 1996, he received his dm in endocrinology from the all india institute of medical sciences in new delhi.

2. Dr. Deepthi kondagari

Https://www. Lybrate. Com/hyderabad/doctor/dr-deepthi-kondagari-endocrinologist

Md - general medicine, dnb (endocrinology) ;

8 years experience 600 - 800 at clinic

;

She is a highly esteemed endocrinologist who has assisted numerous individuals with complex issues. She has both a prestigious education and extensive clinical experience as a physician. She received her md in general medicine from kakatiya medical college in wrangal and her dnb in endocrinology from yashoda hospital.

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She has served as consultant endocrinologist at lb nagar's aware glenegales global hospital. She is a veteran member of the endocrine society, the usa indian society for bone and mineral research (isbmer), and api.

3. Dr. Arun bajaj

Https://www. Lybrate. Com/hyderabad/doctor/dr-arun-bajaj-endocrinologist

Diploma in diabetology, mbbs ;

43 years experience

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He has made significant strides toward redefining excellence through her remarkable work as an endocrinologist over the course of many years of service. Additionally, he is a highly skilled diabetologist. He achieved scholastic success and obtained his mbbs degree from the government medical college in amritsar in addition to his diploma in diabetology from annamalai university in chennai.

4. Dr. Sri nagesh

Https://www. Lybrate. Com/hyderabad/doctor/dr-sri-nagesh-endocrinologist

Dm - endocrinology, md - paediatrics, mbbs ;

20 years experience 600 at clinic

;

As an endocrinologist, he is an experienced, well-liked, and hard-working member of the medical community. He did well in school and got his dm in endocrinology from osmania medical college in hyderabad, md in paediatrics from osmania medical college in hyderabad, and mbbs from gandhi medical college in hyderabad.

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He has won the prestigious Dr. Y. R. Reddy gold medal for paper on assessment of psychological morbidity in visually challenged adolescent students and the s. V. Rao and m. M. Swamy medal for passing md part-2 on the first try with the best dissertation. He is a successful endocrinologist treating with the disorders of hypo and hyperthyroidism and also treating the patients facing problem of various disorders regarding to the the field of hormone disorders

5. Dr. Jagdish singh

Https://www. Lybrate. Com/hyderabad/doctor/dr-jagdish-singh-endocrinologist

Mbbs, post graduate diploma in diabetology (pgdd) ;

41 years experience 200 at clinic

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Through his years of excellent work as a talented and dedicated medical expert, he has revolutionised the quality of care for patients. He is a skilled endocrinologist as well as a diabetologist. He has seen numerous satisfied patients throughout his medical career. He has received his undergraduate degree in the clinical field in form of mbbs and his post graduate diploma in diabetology.

6. Dr. Kishore babu

Https://www. Lybrate. Com/hyderabad/doctor/dr-kishore-babu-endocrinologist

250 at clinic ;



One of the endocrinologists with the most experience and expertise. His contributions to the field of medicine have earned him a great deal of respect and recognition. In addition to being a skilled general practitioner, he specialises in diabetes care and offers the highest level of treatment to his patients. His participation in rssdi has contributed to his growing reputation as a speaker.

7. Dr. Dilip kumar kandar ;

Https://www. Lybrate. Com/hyderabad/doctor/dr-dilip-kumar-kandar-endocrinologist

Mbbs, mdrc (diabetology), m. D. R. F. A. D. A

24 years experience 500 at clinic 350 online

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As a diabetologist in the region, he has treated a variety of patients' diseases. In addition, he offers the best care as an endocrinologist, thyroid specialist, general practitioner, and obesity specialist. Due to his mbbs from nrs medical college & hospital, mdrc (diabetology) from madras medical college chennai, and m. D. R. F. A. D. A from madras medical college chennai, he has an extensive medical education.

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His commendable accomplishments have earned him the titles of 1st insulin pump prescriber in andhrapradesh and podiatrist & diabeteist food care specialist by wdf & idf. He holds a harvard medical school (usa) certification and an american diabetes association certification.

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He is well known for his membership in the indian medical association (ima) and the research society for the studz of diabetes in india and the american diabetes association. 

8. Dr. Shalini patlolla 

Https://www. Lybrate. Com/tirupati/doctor/dr-shalini-patlolla-endocrinologist

Mbbs bachelor of medicine and bachelor of surgery, dm - endocrinology 

13 years experience 500 at clinic 

 

Using her medical knowledge, she has assisted locals with a range of medical difficulties. She is an exceptional endocrinologist who also treats patients as a paediatric endocrinologist and diabetologist. She is a well trained physician. She holds an mbbs from Dr. Ntr university of health sciences andhra pradesh and a dm in endocrinology from sri venkateswara institute of medical sciences (svims), tirupati. 

 

She has extensive experience. She was a professor at the sri venkateshwara institute of medical sciences in tirupati before. She finished first in the endocrinology entrance exam, and she also won the nnf quiz best poster award at escicon.

9. Dr. Shyam kalavalapalli 

Https://www. Lybrate. Com/hyderabad/doctor/dr-shyam-kalavalapalli-endocrinologist

Mbbs, mrcp (uk), cct - endocrinology and diabetes mellitus 

28 years experience 700 - 900 at clinic 1000 online 

 

He uses an interdisciplinary approach to identify and cure complex diseases. As an endocrinologist, he diagnoses and treats a wide range of difficult conditions. The care he offered as a diabetologist was also of the highest standard. He has aided a great many patients. 

 

Among the medical community, he is a highly respected and educated expert. His academic credentials include an mbbs from kakatiya university, an mrcp (uk) from the royal college of physicians in london, and a cct (certified specialist) in endocrinology and diabetes mellitus from the general medical council. 

 

He is an important part of indian medical association and has worked in various research programs for the study of diabetes in india and also a renowned part of the association of study of diabetes.

10. Dr. Rakesh sahay

Https://www. Lybrate. Com/hyderabad/doctor/dr-rakesh-sahay-endocrinologist 

Mbbs, dm - endocrinology, dnb - internal medicine, fellow of the american college of endocrinology, fellow of the indian college of physicians

32 years experience 500 at clinic

 

Through his years of practise as an endrocrinologist, he has helped a great many people. The care he offered as a diabetologist is also of the highest standard. He has an extensive education. He earned his mbbs from osmania medical college in hyderabad, his dm - endocrinology from kmu institute of medical sciences, and his dnb - internal medicine from nizam institute of medical sciences in hyderabad. 

 

His fellowship in the american college of endocrinology (usa) and his fellowship in the indian college of physicians (ficp) have brought him widespread recognition as a medical expert in the medical field. He is an experienced member of the association of physicians of india, (mid-south zone), executive committee of endocrine society of india as well as of the national advisory board. 

Renal failure can happen to anyone at any age. Dialysis ;is an effective, life-saving treatment when your kidneys fail to filter excess fluids, toxins and waste products from the blood naturally. Most patients with a kidney failure ;opt for kidney dialysis. However, several myths surround the treatment procedure.

Let's address the most common myths about kidney dialysis so the patients looking forward to the procedure are well aware of the facts.

1) myth it is a painful procedure

Fact dialysis itself is a painless procedure. Some people may experience discomfort if kept on haemodialysis, where the needles are put into the ;graft or fistula. The procedure follows minor side effects like vomiting, nausea, cramps and headaches, which can be managed well with a healthy diet and reduced fluid intake.

2) myth dialysis means a death sentence

Fact  it is actually the other way round. Dialysis can be a saviour when your kidneys are no longer healthy enough to function properly. The average life expectancy on dialysis is 5-10 years. Depending on the condition and the treatment plan, people on dialysis may even live for 20-30 years.

3) myth dialysis can only be done at the centre

Fact  dialysis does not require you to travel to the centre twice or thrice a week. The procedure can be performed in several ways. You may opt for haemodialysis, which is done in a hospital or at your home. Alternatively, you can go for peritoneal dialysis, which is possible from the convenience of your home. Based on your condition and considering your wish, the doctor will decide which form of dialysis suits you best.

4) myth dialysis patients can never get back to usual activities

Fact  patients can very well get back to their day-to-day activities following dialysis treatment. You may only need to rest for a few days until you get used to the procedure.

5) myth dialysis solves it all

Fact  kidney dialysis removes extra fluid and toxins from your blood, keeping you alive. However, the procedure alone cannot keep you healthy and help you live an improved life. A dialysis-friendly diet, medications, fluid control all these are essential in taking control of your life and improving the quality of living.

Busting the myths surrounding kidney dialysis will help you understand the procedure better. Once you know all about it, it will be able easier for you to discuss the procedure with your doctor and make an informed decision.

Kidney stones are often small enough and pass through urine without much bother. Most kidney stones are smaller than 4 mms in diameter. Having said this, even the smallest of kidney stones can be really painful until they pass through urine. It typically takes a couple of days for the body to get rid of it. While medication and self-care are the foremost options, there are a range of other options as well available for treating kidney stones.
Admission to a Hospital-
You must get admitted to a hospital if the stone moves to the ureter, thereby resulting in severe pain. Typically kidney stones which are more than 6 mms in diameter need to be surgically removed through procedures such as ureteroscopy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), open surgery and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). A doctor takes a call on any of the above procedure if:
The patient is inching towards a kidney failure.
The pain doesn t go away even after taking pain killers.
If the patient is pregnant.
If the patient is more than 60 years.
Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL)-
ESWL is one of the simple and most preferred stone removing procedures. It involves the usage of ultrasound shock waves to break the bigger stones into smaller ones. The latter is then passed through urine. A patient is given a few painkillers since this mode of treatment could be a little uncomfortable. A patient might need multiple ESWLs to successfully get rid of all the stones.
Ureteroscopy:
If a stone gets stuck in the ureter, a medical procedure known as the ureteroscopy is performed. In this procedure, a thin telescope is passed through the urethra and bladder to the ureter. Either a second instrument is used or the telescope itself has laser energy to break the bigger stone into smaller ones. This procedure is ideal for stones that have a diameter more than 15 mm.
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL)
PCNL is an alternative to ESWL for removing big stones. This procedure involves the usage of nephroscope that is routed into the kidney through a small incision made behind the back of the patient. This procedure requires general anesthesia and is effective for breaking stones that have a diameter of 20 mm or more. It has a success rate of 86%.
Open Surgery:
This is one of the older methods to eradicate kidney stones. Unless the stone size is abnormally large and other procedures cannot be performed, open surgery is generally avoided. An open surgery involves making an incision and getting access to the ureter and the kidney. The surgeon then removes the stone from the kidney. This procedure requires general anesthesia and the patient needs to be under observation for at least 24 hours, post surgery.

You're said to suffer from the problem of acute kidney failure if your kidneys suddenly stop working and lose their ability to eliminate waste materials including excess fluids and salts from the blood. The condition usually develops quickly over a few days or even a few hours. When this happens, waste materials accumulate in your blood, disrupting the chemical balance of your bloodstream.

So, what causes this problem?

Acute kidney failure can occur because of any one of these reasons:

1. A drop or slowdown of blood flow to the kidneys - Adequate blood circulation to the kidneys is of great importance as without it the kidneys may end malfunctioning. If blood flow to the kidney is hampered, a part of or the entire kidney may die. You may suffer from acute kidney failure if blood flow to the kidneys gets impaired due to conditions like

Heavy blood loss
Sepsis (body's inflammatory reaction to an infection, which can bring about organ failure, tissue damage, and death)
Injury
Use of certain drugs
Dehydration
Burns
Heart disease
2. Urinary obstructions - A sudden blockage that hampers your kidney's ability to eliminate urine can also bring about acute kidney failure. When this happens, it leads to a build up of toxins in the body, causing an overload of the kidneys. Conditions that bring about this urinary obstruction include:

Cervical cancer
Colon cancer
Bladder cancer
Kidney stones
Enlarged prostate
Prostate cancer
3. Disease within the kidneys - Even instances of clotting within the blood vessels of the kidneys can lead to acute kidney failure. This is because if the movement of blood cells within the blood vessels gets hampered, kidneys are not able to filter out toxins from the body. The conditions and diseases that may cause clotting, and subsequently damage to the kidneys include:

Scleroderma (an autoimmune disease that affects connective tissues and skin)
Build-up of cholesterol deposits
Glomerulonephritis (an inflammatory condition of the kidney's ball-shaped structures called glomeruli)
Hemolytic uremic syndrome (a condition that occurs due to untimely death of red blood cells)
Lupus (a disorder of the body's immune system that brings about damage to the body's own organs and tissues)

Among all body parts that play a role in human well-being, kidneys play the most important role that defines wellness of the physical system. The proper functioning of the kidneys decides the entire welfare of human body. Hence, maintaining the health of the kidneys is very vital for the young as well as the old. But in today s age, because of the rise in unhealthy lifestyle of people, chronic renal failure has been on an increasing spree, causing fatal concerns.

The Rising Graveness Of Kidney Disturbances-

Chronic kidney failure is universally considered a fatal disease that terminates the normal functioning of bladder movements, which flush body toxins and waste products in the form of urine. In such medical conditions, generally, doctors prescribe dialysis, kidney transplantations and other such complicated and expensive treatments. Such procedures could also be a great threat of post-surgery effects that could hamper the body system permanently. At the same time, these treatments are neither feasible nor suitable for all patients. Taking into consideration the varying medical conditions of people, such complicated treatments could cause health hazards, which could endanger their well being.

Homeopathic Remedies To Oust Kidney Malfunctions-

Often it is seen that kidney failures do not occur on a sudden basis or due to certain lifestyles. Family history and hereditary conditions also cause certain problems in the long run. In such cases, conventional homeopathic remedies provide better healing results than the usual surgeries for the patients. Even diabetic patients are suggested to go the homeopathic way for renal malfunctions. It is also believed that early stages of kidney problems are best treated by homeopathic procedures, which prevent further damage to the kidneys. Even patients undergoing dialysis are prescribed the traditional homeopathic medications, which enable them to lead a healthy living.

Therefore, certain homeopathic medicines have played a powerful role in rectifying kidney problems. For instance, Aconite tackles loin aches and post-scarlatinal nephritis. Apocynum regulates the flow of urine and rectifies the amount of outlet. Belladonna handles conditions like excruciating burning pains in the lumbar areas and kidney inflammations. Cuprum Arsenicum cures uraemic disturbances.

Thus, it is a proven fact that homeopathy has an answer to all medical conditions. Be it any part of the body, externally or internally, homeopathic medications always ensure a sure shot cure. It not only heals the body from the ailment but also revitalizes the entire body system and charges the body functioning with new and improved vigor.

The urinary system in both men and women are susceptible to infections and many other internal disorders. Although many of the disorders may be caused due to underlying diseases or hereditary causes, many others may be caused due to bad lifestyle habits as well as personal hygiene issues. Personal hygiene issues will not only lead to infections, but if left unchanged, may cause more serious problems such as tumors over time. However, with the help of some basic tips and following some daily routine, you can ensure good urological health over time. Some of these are mentioned below:

Drink plenty of water daily: This is applicable to both men and women and it is important, especially in a country like India where hot and humid conditions prevail for most of the time. A common figure quoted most of the time is 2 to 3 liters of water daily although this is quite arbitrary and may change from person to person and climate to climate. What is important is that you should remain hydrated and calculate an ideal amount of water consumption. This is necessary to stop stone formation in the gallbladder, kidney, ureter and other areas of the genitourinary system.
Cleaning tips for men: It is important to ensure proper hygiene for good penile health. Uncircumcised males should retract their foreskin while taking a bath and clean out the smegma or white accumulations from around the glans. This will reduce the chances of inflammations and urinary tract infections from occurring. Circumcised males should thoroughly wash the penis as well to keep it clean.
Regular ejaculation: Men are advised to ejaculate regularly either through masturbation or through sexual stimulation as it is beneficial in many ways. Ejaculation helps clear the tracts, exercises the prostate and also keeps the pattern of proper blood flow to the penis active. It maintains urological health as well as your sexual health.
Don t hold your urine for too long: Although this is especially applicable for women, it can be bad for men too. Holding the urine within your body for too long may result in an infection and may also make your bladder muscles weaker resulting in urinary incontinence later in life. Women, especially should be careful as they have a shorter urethra leading from the bladder and thus are more prone to getting urinary tract infections in this manner.
Avoid harsh soaps and use milder ones to regularly cleanse the groin area: The groin is one of the moistest areas, as it remains covered up most of the time. This makes it an ideal breeding ground for bacteria. It is important that you clean this area every day thoroughly with mild soap. Also, after urination, women should wipe front to back i.e. from the opening of the vagina towards the anus while wiping down after urinating or cleaning. This is to ensure that fecal bacteria don t get into the vagina as it can cause a host of infections.
Tips for sexual intercourse: It is important for both men and women to urinate, wash and clean after sexual intercourse as this can help clean the bacteria that may have come from one partner s genitals into the other. Women should especially follow this advice as it can help keep many infections at bay.
Changes in certain foods: Reduce caffeine intake through tea or coffee as it can irritate your bladder. It can also act as a diuretic which makes you urinate frequently. This will result in your bladder becoming weaker. Also, reduce salt intake as it can increase blood pressure and end up damaging the kidney to the point of permanent kidney damage or kidney failure.

Graves' disease, also called as toxic diffuse goiter or exophthalmic goiter is an autoimmune disease that affects the thyroid gland resulting in overproduction of thyroid hormones (hyperthyroidism). Graves' disease is the most prevalent cause of hyperthyroidism.

Causes

The exact cause is unclear.
Enlarged thyroid: Normally, thyroid function is regulated by a hormone released by the pituitary gland. The antibody associated with Graves' disease Thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb) acts as the regulatory pituitary hormone. The TRAb overrides the normal regulation of the thyroid, causing an overproduction of thyroid hormones (hyperthyroidism). In Graves' disease, the immune system generates antibodies that trigger the TSH receptor, tricking the thyroid into making too many hormones, which speeds up the metabolism.
Risk factors

Family history: It is a known risk factor.
Gender: Women are much more likely to develop Graves' disease than men.
Age: Graves' disease usually develops in people younger than 40.
Other autoimmune disorders: People with other disorders of the immune system, such as type 1 diabetes or rheumatoid arthritis, have an increased risk.
Emotional or physical stress: Stress may act as a trigger for the onset of Graves' disease.
Pregnancy: Pregnancy or recent childbirth may increase the risk of the disorder that is genetically susceptible.
Smoking: Cigarette smoking increases the risk of Graves' disease and also Graves' ophthalmopathy.
Signs and Symptoms

Diffuse palpable goiter with audible bruit (70%)
Tremors (40%)
Exophthalmos (protuberance of one or both eyes, periorbital edema [25%])
Fatigue (70%) and weight loss (60%) with increased appetite in young people and poor appetite in the elderly
Heat intolerance (55%)
Tremulousness (55%)
Palpitations (50%), Heart failure
Enlarged thyroid gland and increased sweating
Weight loss (without a change in diet)
Changes in the menstrual cycle
Erectile dysfunction and reduced libido
Anxiety and irritability
Graves' dermopathy with thick red skin on the shins (rare)
Diagnosis

Two signs are truly diagnostic of Graves s disease (i.e., not seen in other hyperthyroid conditions):
Exophthalmos
Nonpitting edema
A large goiter will be visible to the naked eye; however, a small one may be detectable only on physical examination.
Abnormally high levels of T3 and T4 and a very low level of TSH are good indications of Graves' disease.
Computed tomography and ultrasound can also be used for detection of Graves disease.
Complications

Pregnancy issues include miscarriage, preterm birth, fetal thyroid dysfunction, poor fetal growth, maternal heart failure, and preeclampsia.
Heart disorders include heart rhythm disorders, changes in the structure and function of the heart muscles, and congestive heart failure.
Thyroid storm/accelerated hyperthyroidism or thyrotoxic crisis is a rare but life-threatening complication of Graves disease.
Untreated hyperthyroidism also can lead to weak, brittle bones and osteoporosis.
Treatment
The primary treatment goals are to inhibit the overproduction of thyroid hormones and lessen the severity of symptoms.

Radioiodine therapy: Iodine-131, synthetic thyroid hormone
Medications: Beta blockers and antithyroid medications such as methimazole
Surgery: Thyroidectomy

The kidney is a crucial detoxifying organ that performs a lot of functions including, absorption of minerals, filtration of blood and production of hormones and urine. It also helps your body to maintain a healthy PH level. Since kidney failure can prove to be fatal, it is essential to keep it healthy, to ensure smooth function of your system.

The following are the tips to ensure the health of your kidneys:

Adequate intake of water: It is advised to drink a minimum of 8 glasses of water daily, to help your kidneys function properly. Adequate intake of water ensures that your body is able to flush out the harmful toxins at regular intervals. However, in case if you are already suffering from kidney disease, this point is not applicable.
Control your blood pressure and blood sugar level: Diabetes is one of the major causes of kidney failure. It is recommended to control your blood sugar level on a regular basis to ensure the healthy functioning of your kidney. People who have a high level of blood sugar and blood pressure are more susceptible to suffer from kidney disorders.
Quit tobacco: Accumulations of toxins in your body tend to have a harmful impact on not only your kidneys but also on your overall health. It is strictly recommended to quit smoking and using other forms of tobacco to protect your kidneys from damage.
Reduce weight: Obesity and the problem of excessive body fat are harmful to your body in more than ways than one. Being overweight makes you more susceptible to develop kidney cancer. Therefore, it is advisable to lose a few kilos to ensure the proper functioning of your kidneys.
Avoid intake of analgesics without prescription: Most analgesics have the tendency to be harsh on your kidneys. Ingestion of analgesics increases your risk of developing kidney cancer. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, and acetaminophen are some of the analgesics, which are known to affect your kidneys in the long term. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid taking them without consulting a doctor.
Include healthy food in your diet: If you increase the intake of green vegetables in your diet, it will help your body to accelerate the process of detoxification. Fruits and vegetables including watermelon, cranberries, blueberries, strawberries, apples, cabbage, cauliflower, peppers, garlic and onions provide considerable aid in removing the toxins out of your system. However, in case if you are already suffering from kidney disease, this point is not applicable.