CD31 Test

CD31 which is also known as PECAM 1 gene is a protein that helps proper migration of white blood cells. The diseases linked to this gene include Radiation Proctitis and Pulmonary Vein Stenosis. It is also found on certain types of tumours. It is effective in diagnosis of cancers of the vascular system in humans. CD31 antigen is used as a marker in IHC for testing the degree of the spread of tumour. It is also done to determine the origin of the tumour.

Tissue or cell samples are needed to be collected and prepared. The tissue samples are then treated by man-made antibodies, which attach to the cells. This causes the cells to change colour, which is then observed under a microscope by a pathologist. This type of testing is called as IHC or immunohistochemistry.

This is most effective marker that easily stains large and small blood vessels. Helps in identifying cancers like angiomas and angiosarcomas. Also to some extent certain types of lymphomas.

The process of collecting specimen in carried out the under the guidance of the healthcare provider who can be the specialist physician, who determines the type of biopsy to be performed. The type of biopsy to be performed depends upon the location and type of the tumour. Once the specimen tissue is collected it is treated to prevent deterioration, and sent to the pathology to be tested with CD31 marker. Since Biopsy is a surgical process, it may be done under the influence of an anaesthetic. If there is pain after the procedure the specialist might prescribe pain management medication.