Bone cancer could be of various types. It may be due to some genetic alterations in some cases, but in most of them, there is no cause.
There are various types of bone tumors. Osteoclastomas are locally recurrent tumors, osteochondromas or enchondromas are benign tumors. There could be cysts, which are benign.
Metastasises are the most common tumours of the bone. They could be from prostate, lung, Breast, thyroid, kidney, urinary bladder, rarely head and neck cancers. There could be myeloma, plasmacytoma, which need chemotherapy or radiation.
The osteosarcoma and Ewinga's tumor are chemosensitive tumors. Osteosarcoma needs surgery aswell. There are chondrosarcomas also. The treatment involves chemotherapy, radiation and surgery according to the type of tumour. Surgery involves limb preserving surgery, where modular prosthesis can be used. If neurovascular bundle is involved, then amputation would be required.