Cancer that starts in the testicles is called testicular cancer. Testicular cancer is more commonly seen in men who are from 25 to 40 years of age. It is generally of two major types.
While the exact causes for testicular cancer are not clear, the following are considered to be the possible risk factors:
Symptoms:
While testicular cancer is often diagnosed late, the patient can have early symptoms, which are often ignored.
Often, this type of cancer originates in the testicles and spreads to the lymph nodes inside the abdomen. It can also reach distant organs like lungs, liver, and lymph nodes in chest, neck. If attention to paid to early symptoms such as testicular swelling with or without pain, testicular cancer can be diagnosed early. However, even if diagnosed in the late stages, treatment is quite effective and outcome is good.
Tumor Markers in Testicular Cancers
Tumor markers are very important for diagnosis of testicular cancers. Alpha feto protein (AFP) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) are very important markers that are testing in blood. They are very useful in diagnosis, staging and follow up of testicular cancer.
Stages of Testicular Cancer
There are three stages of testicular cancer – I to III, and treatment and prognosis would depend on the stage at which it is diagnosed.
Treatment:
Various modalities are used depending on the stage and extent of spread.
In case you have a concern or query you can always consult an expert & get answers to your questions!
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