JC Virus DNA, PCR Questions

1.The Zika virus is carried by the Aedes Aegypti mosquito which is also responsible for spreading chikungunya and Dengue fever 2.The virus causes a) fever, headache, muscle/joint pain b)conjunctivitis(red eyes), and rash. c)it can be associated with ascending paralysis.in pregnant women d)infection can cause the birth of microcephalic (small head) children Prevention 1.Take anti mosquito measures like use of mosquito net, mosquito repellent, 2. spraying of insecticides in surrounding and keep it free from vegetation, 3.wearing full sleeve shirts in the evening, 4.Discarding empty containers for collection of water and promoting mosquito breeding.

Later signs and symptoms may include: fever, Headache, Nausea, Vomiting, Agitation, Anxiety, Confusion, Hyperactivity, And fever will be around 100 to 102 f and maybe even higher at times.

AIDs is the Synonym of Acquired Immuno deficiency syndrome. It is a sexually transmitted disease and is caused by HIV virus. The virus cause HIV infection which affects immune system and causes fatal infection. HIV infection progresses into AIDs after many years (1-2 decade) if the patient is not treated 1. Contact with infected blood like blood handling, Transfusion of HIV infected blood/blood products/Hemo dialysis, organ/ organ tansplantation 2. Through semen (Cum, Preseminal fluid (pre cum), rectal fluid as in anal intercourse, saliva, vaginal secretion, breast milk, unprotected sex with multiple sexual partners 3. Sharing of needles as in Intra venous drug abuse 4. Sharing of razor, tooth brush, nail cutter etc 5. Needle stick injury in a hospital set up or indiscriminate throwing of contaminated needle, 6. From infected mother to the new born 7. Not transmittedby Air/water/mosquito/saliva/hugging/kssing/hand shaking/sharing of utensils/ 8. Take precaution accordingly. 9. Use condom while having sex, Don’t donate blood, Inform medical and Dental personnel about your HIV status before any invasive procedure.

Have you cone into contact with any covid patient. Check your aarogya app. If not then it can be allergic rhinitis. 1. Do saline gargles daily (preferably twice). 2. Whenever possible do steam inhalation also. 3. Cover your nose and mouth with hanky for at least 30 sec when you go in dusty areas also when you go in and out of ac. As our nose is the most sensitive part of our body, when there is temperature difference between two rooms or inside n outside, then if we not protect our nose, it gets affected. 4. Drink hot liquids --hot liquids relieve nasal congestion, prevent dehydration, and soothe the uncomfortably inflamed membranes that line your nose and throat. 5. Sleep with an extra pillow under your head-- elevating your head will help relieve congested nasal passages. If the angle is too awkward, try placing the pillows between the mattress and the box springs to create a more gradual slope. 6. Treat that stuffy nose with warm salt water-- salt-water rinsing helps break nasal congestion, while also removing virus particles and bacteria from your nose. 7. Blow your nose often (and the right way)-- it's important to blow your nose regularly when you have a cold rather than sniffling mucus back into your head. But when you blow hard, pressure can carry germ-carrying phlegm back into your ear passages, causing earache. The best way to blow your nose: press a finger over one nostril while you blow gently to clear the other. Homeopathic treatment has very encouraging results. Consult online for details.

White spots on skin can occur due to a number of reasons, of which conditions can be mild or severe. The condition can be mild or severe, and generally covers the majority of the skin on a particular area of the body. They may also cause irritation or itching. The occurrence of whites on the face can be extremely distressing. People affected with this problem should obtain medical advice to diagnose what is causing the condition and the suitable treatment. Causes of White Spots White spots on the face occur for various reasons. Understanding some of these reasons may be beneficial in treating the condition. Furthermore, understanding the cause can also help people avoid certain circumstances that increase the risk. 1. Tinea Versicolor This is a chronic fungal infection of the skin. Also known as pityriasisversicolor, this fungus causes discolored patches on the skin as it interferes with the normal pigmentation. The color of the patches may be darker or lighter than the surrounding skin and most often, affects the back and trunk of adolescent males. Exposure to sunlight, hot, humid weather, oily skin and excessive sweating may aggravate the condition. 2. Vitiligo This is a skin condition that results in the loss of melanocyte pigmentation of the skin. This results in white patches that feel as if it is part of the skin. The cause of vitiligo is unclear although it is believed to be an autoimmune disease. However, mild trauma to any area of the skin including the face can also result in the development of vitiligo. Vitiligo can affect the face, hands and feet, elbows and genital area. 3. Idiopathic Guttate Hypomelanosis White spots on the face may also be due to Idiopathic Guttate Hypomelanosis, a skin condition resulting in 2 to 5 mm flat, white spots commonly found on the shins and forearms. This skin condition mostly affects fair skinned people, although it may occur in dark skinned individuals too. The white spots may occur more commonly in people over the age of 40. 4. Pityriasis Alba This skin condition is common in children aged 6 to 12. It is a rash that appears on the face, neck and arms, and is not easily differentiated between normal skin. The rash may be covered with skin flakes resembling light dust. The cause of Pityriasis Alba is not known and is often considered as a form of eczema. This condition is often mistaken with vitiligo. However, while vitiligo has a distinct border, Pityriasis Alba does not.

1. The zika virus is carried by the aedes aegypti mosquito which is also responsible for spreading chikungunya and dengue fever 2. The virus causes a) fever, headache, muscle/joint pain, conjunctivitis (red eyes), and rash b. It can be associated with ascending paralysis. C) in pregnant women infection can cause the birth of microcephalic (small head) children prevention 1. Take anti mosquito measures like use of mosquito net, mosquito repellent, 2. Spraying of insecticides in surrounding and keep it free from vegetation, 3. Wearing full sleeve shirts in the evening, 4. Discarding empty containers for collection of water and promoting mosquito breeding.

A viral load test measures how much human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is in the blood. The results can take up to 2 weeks. The normal values listed here-called a reference range-are just a guide. These ranges vary from lab to lab and depend upon which testing method is used (RT-PCR, bDNA, NASBA) It measures the number of HIV virus particles in a milliliter of your blood. Those particles are also known as “copies.” A low viral load is a sign of the virus copying itself in low amounts in the body. According to AIDS. Gov, HIV viral load is typically undetectable below levels of 40–75 copies/mL.

You may have contacted hep B through dialysis. You definitely need medical treatment. Adults with normal ALT (SGPT) levels, which indicate no current liver damage, and undetectable or viral loads less than 2,000 IU/mL generally do not require treatment.

You have no HIV and you are not sure if the partner was infected or not which is the main cause of worry

Now a days hiv tests are more accurate and should be conclusive especially after 80 days of exposure. If it is negative it means you are hiv negative. Let's have a detailed discussion for better advice and healthy lifestyle.