MS - General Surgery, Fellowship In Laparoscopic & Bariatric Surgery, MBBS, Certificate Robotic & Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery
Laparoscopic Surgeon, Bangalore
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18 years experience
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Which of these conditions affect the anus?
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Fistula, Hemorrhoids (Piles), Anal Fissure, and Rectal Prolapse are the conditions all of which affect the anus. These are anorectal disorders and bothersome benign conditions that require special attention. Hemorrhoids are tissue clusters containing enlarged or swollen blood vessels around the anus and lower rectum. They can be internal or external. They can bleed, itch, or pain and are also referred to as piles. A small tear or sore skin of the anal canal causing a sharp pain is called anal fissure. A pus-filled pocket near the anus is called an anal abscess. A tunnel that runs from the end of the bowel to the skin around the anus is called an Anal Fistula. Rectal prolapse causes the rectum to fall off its normal position and turn inside-out.
Constipation can play a role in Rectal Prolapse, Hemorrhoids, and Anal Fissures.
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Constipation can play an underlying role in Rectal Prolapse, Hemorrhoids, and Anal Fissures, making it important to treat these conditions in order to avoid their recurrences. Consumption of a fiber-rich diet, fiber supplements, and a good amount of water helps in the prevention of such medical conditions.
Which of these surgeries are employed to treat Hemorrhoids?
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Hemorrhoidectomy is a surgical procedure that is used for the treatment of prolapsed, large internal and external hemorrhoids when they no longer respond to non-surgical management. Hemorrhoidopexy and stapling also treat prolapsed Hemorrhoids by cutting off the blood supply to allow the tissue to shrink and be reabsorbed.
Rectal Surgery is the only approach to treat Rectal Prolapse.
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In the case of the minor and early stages of the Rectal Prolapse, stool softeners and pushing the anus back by hand are the methods used. But, in case of severe situations, Rectal Surgery is necessary for repairing the Rectal Prolapse. The two most common approaches to the same are Abdominal Surgery and Rectal (or Perineal) Surgery.
For what purpose are the sphincterotomy and fistulotomy employed?
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Chronic Anal Fissures are harder to treat. However, it can be treated through surgery, that helps the anal sphincter muscle to relax. It hence reduces pain and spasms, allowing it to heal. Lateral internal sphincterotomy is one of the surgical options in which an inner part of the anal sphincter is surgically divided.
Most Anal Fistulas are treated with the help of surgery called fistulotomy. The muscle and skin over the tunnel are cut open that converts it into an open groove allowing the fistula tract to heal inside out. A complex fistula may need drainage through a seton for several weeks after which further require a definitive surgical repair.
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