Glaucoma

Mai Dr Rajiv Gupta, Mera clinic Om Eye and Gynae Centre, Vaishali sector 5 Ghaziabad mein hai. Aaj mai Glaucoma yaani kale moti ke bare mein aapse baat karunga. Glaucoma jisko hum kala motia, kala pani ke naam se jante hain. Yeha cataract yaani safed motia se bilkul alag bimari hai. Lekin hindi mein dono ka naam milta-julta hone ki wajah se bahut se patient inme confuse ho jaate hain. Glaucoma kisi bhi umar mein ho sakta hai, lekin jayadater 40, 50 saal ki umar ke baad hota hai. Jinn logon ki family mein Glaucoma ki history hai unme glaucoma hone ka risk general public ke mukable jayada hota hai. Glaucoma hai kya, ye waha bimari hai jisme aankh ki nas dheere-dheere sukh jaati hai aur kaam karna band kr deti hai. Aankh ki nas mein ye nuksan jayadater, aank ke ander pressure jayada hone se hota hai. Haalnli bahut se cases mein pressure normal hone ke baawajood bhi ankh ki nas ko nuksan pahunch sakta hai. Glaucoma jayadater do taranh ka hota hai ek open-angle glaucoma, dusra closed-angle glaucoma. Open-angle glaucoma adiktar silent killer ki taranh hota hai, yaani ye ankh ki nas ko nuksan karta rehata hai lekin patient ko kabhi koi dikkat nahi hoti, koi dekhne mein dikkat nahi hoti aur usko kai baar jab pata lagta hai, jab ki bahut jayada irreversible loss ho chka hota hai. Dusri taraf angle closer glaucoma mein temporarily ya permanently, ankh ke angle ke close hone ki wajah se ankh ka pressure bad jata hai aur uski wajah se ankh mein laali ho jaana, dard hona, ankh se kam dikhie dena hota hai jisse ki patient ko jald hi pata chal jata hai ki usey koi problem hai. Jahan kuch cases mein glaucoma ka diagnosis bahut hi straight forward ho sakta hai, ankh dekh ke hi pata lag sakta hai ki patient ko glaucoma hai. Wahin kuch dusre cases mein, large number of cases mein glaucoma ko diagnose karne ke liye bahut si jaancho ki zarurat hoti hai. Glaucoma ka ilaj teen tareeko se kiya jata hai, sabse commonly, eye drops glaucoma ke pressure ko kam karne ke liye istmal ki jati hain. Dusra tareeka hai laser, kuch cases mein khasker ke anle closed glaucoma mein laser ka kafi achcha role ho sakta hai aur laser glaucoma ko zindagi bhar ke liye bhi khatam kr sakta hai. Jabki baki aur bahut se cases mein glaucoma mein laser ka role bahut hi limited hai. Teesra tareeka hai glaucoma ka operation, glaucoma ka operation adhiktar unn cases mein kiya jata hai, jinme eye drops ya laser se glaucoma control nahi ho pata hai. Glaucoma ke operation karne ka matlab yeh nahi hai ki glaucoma hamesha ke liye theek ho gaya, balki glaucoma ke operation ke baad bhi zindagi bhar glaucoma ke liye janch karte rehna chahiye aur uspe najar rakhne ki zarurat hoti hai. Yadi kisi patient ko glaucoma hai aur uska ilaj na ho ya ilaj ke baad bhi glaucoma progress karta rahe, toh ankh ki nas dheere-dheere kharab ho jayegi, such jayegi aur kaam karna band kr degi. Phir aisi ankh ko kisi bhi tareekey se dihya nahi ja sakta hai, yaani ki wo ankh blind ho jayegi. Isiliye glaucoma ko khtarnak moti ke naam se bhi jana jata hai. Aur kisi wajah se jin logon mein bhi ye glaucoma ka shakk hai. Unhe regular checkup glaucoma ka karate rehna chahiye, jisse ki jiss stage per aisa lage ki glaucoma hai, ya glaucoma ilaj ke bawajood progress kr raha hai, toh usko control krne ke liye aur effective measures liye ja sakte hain.

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