Hematuria - Know Types Of It!
HAEMATURIA: means the presence of blood in urine.
Types:
Macroscopic haematuria: which means the patient has seen blood.
Microscopic dipstick haematuria : means blood identified by urine microscopy or by dipstick testing either in association with other urological symptoms (symptomatic microscopic haematuria) or during a routine medical examination.
It has been variably defined as 3 or more , 5 or more or 10 or more Red Blood Cells (RBCs) per high- power field.
Urological and other Causes of Haematuria-
Causes:
Cancer: Bladder, Kidney and Prostate Cancer
Stones: Kidney, Ureteric
Bladder Infections: Bacterial tuberculosis, infective urethritis Inflammation
Interstitial Cystitis Trauma : Kidney, bladder, urethra, pelvic fracture causing urethral rupture
Renal cystic disease: (e.g. medullary sponge kidney)
Other urological causes: Benign prostatic hyperplasia, vascular malformations
Other medical causes of haematuria: anticoagulation therapy (e.g. asprin, antiplatelet therapy) Nephrological Causes: more likely in children and young adults, proteinuria; red blood cell casts.
Urological investigations: Urine culture, urine cytology, cystoscopy, renal ultrasonography and intravenous Urography and CT Urography.
Management of haematuria depends on the cause as determined by the urologist.
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