Keratoconus

Hello Everyone!

I am Dr. Ikeda Lal. I am a cornea, cataract and refractive surgery specialist at Delhi Eye Centre and sir Ganga Ram Hospital. So, today we will talk about keratoconus. Ye bimari kafi common hai lekin logon ko iska pta nhi chalta. Keratoconus means conical shape of cornea. It is the front layer of the eye and in Hindi kali putli. Iske kya symptoms hain. Patient ka prescription of glasses badhta hai. And glasses ke sath bhi unko clear nazar nhi aata. Ghost images and double image dikhta hai. Cylindrical power glasses ka badhta hai and fluctuation rehta hai. To keratoconus konse patient ko ho skta hai? Ye problem genetic bhi hai. 2nd chronic eye rubbers. Hume jor se aankh rub nhi krni chaiye. Eye rub krne ka cause allergy bhi ho skta hai. Ye bimari young patient ko jyada effect krti hai. Mostly teenagers me payi jati hai. How doctor will access? Doctor pehle powers dekhega jisse use early sign ka pta chal jata hai. Slit lamp examination ke through bhi doctor ko pta chal jata hai ki keratoconus ki bimari hai ya nhi. Early stage me is problem ko detect krne ke lia test hai corneal topography test.

Isme cornea ki shape and thickness measure ki jati hai. Another symptom is steepness and thinning of the cornea. Ye test treatment plan krne me bhi help krta hai. First and foremost step is to stop the progression of the disease. Agar ye problem badh rhi hai to hum collagen cross-linking treatment dete hain. UV light and riboflavin ke interaction se cornea ko strong kia jata hai. Uske baad healing ke lia eyes pe contact lens lgaya jata hai jisko 4-5 days me hum hta dete hain. Starting ke kuch din painful hote hain but iska success rate kafi acha hai. The 2nd aspect of the treatment is to improve the vision. Glasses ke through acha treatment dia jata hai. Iske lia routine check-up ki jrurat pdti hai dekhne ke lia ki bimari aage progress to nhi kar rhi hai.

Thode advance cases me vision glasses se acha nhi hota hai to contact lenses fit kia jate hain. Ise hard contact lenses or rigid gas permeable (RGP), ROSE K lenses bhi kehte hain. Ye cornea ke upar lgte hain or vision ko bhut acha krte hain. Lekin iske sath hi handling bhut achi honi chaiye. Next treatment me hai jhan intax ko laser se ankhon me fit kia jata hai. Is se patient ka vision improve hota hai. Next is correction and decrease in power with laser. Isme cornea ko reshape kia jata hai or unki cylindrical power ko bhi kam kia ja skta hai.

Agar in sab treatment me se koi treatment kam nhi krta hai to hume in patients ka corneal transplant krna pdta hai. Iske results bhut ache hain. Success rate is more than 90%. Suregry advance hai islia hume pura cornea replace krne ki jrurat nhi pdti hai. Hum cornea ki aage ki layer ko hi replace krte hain. Ise technical language me deep lamellar endothelial keratoplasty (DLEK) kehte hain. Isme rejection ke chances kam ho jate hain. Isme eye ball ki strength jyada rehti hai. Ye last stage ka treatment hai jo patient ko kafi fayedemand rehta hai. Agar apki jaan pehlchan me koi hai jise ye problem hai to unka corneal specialist se aaj hi test krayein or time pe bimari detect kr ke uska treatment krayein.

Thank You!