Kidney Transplant

Namashkar!

Main Dr. Shailendra Kumar Goel, Principal consultant in urology and renal transplant. Main aapko aaj kidney transplant ke baare mein batane ja raha hoon. Kidney transplant ki jarurat unn logo ko hoti hai jinki kidney permanently kharab ho chuki hoti hai. Aur wo ab dialysis pe hote hain and unko regular dialysis ki zarurat hoti hai. Kidney transplant mein sabse yeh zaroori baat hai ki patient ko sochna padta hai ki kidney ab kaun dega uske liye. Kidney dene ke liye kidney transplant hamare yahan kanoon se govern hota hai. Kidney, patient ka koi bhi relative, pehle toh yeh tha ki sirf first degree relative allowed the but ab any relative- maybe a cousin or maybe in-laws or maybe a distant relative, koi bhi patient ko kidney donate kar sakta hai.

Aur relative jo kidney donate karta hai uski surgery hum laparoscopy se karte hain. Jis mein pait mein bas 2-3 chote chote ched hote hain aur neeche ek chhota sa small incision hota hai ki jisse patient ko pain or recovery mein bahut aram milta hai. Aur dusra donation ka hota hai cadaveric donation ki jisme jahan koi patient yadi accident mein ya kisi bimari se patient ki death ho rahi hoti hai aur uska abhi heart chal raha hai lekin brain dead ho gaya hai. To hospital mein committees hoti hain jo declare karti hai ki patient is irreversibly a dead, ab vo jinda nahi ho sakta. Jo uska brain hai woh mrityu prapt kar chuka hai. Aise mei uski family decide karti hai ya mrityu hone wale vyakti ki antim ichha hoti hai to vo apne anng ko daan kar sakta hai.

Woh anng kahin na kahin dusre logon ki zindagi bachane mein use ho sakte hain. Jo bhi kidney donation aur kidney transplant centre hote hai wo wahan pe waiting list maintain karte hain. Aur jab kabhi bhi koi aisa cadaver donation hame prapt hota hai to woh waiting list ke accordingly hum in patients ko call karke unn patients mei brain dead patients se prapt kidney ko unmei lagaya jata hai. Yadi family ke donor ham lete hain to blood group matching hona chahiye. Jaise A ko A wala de sakta hai, ya AB kisi bhi group ka le sakta hai, O ko kewal O vala de sakta hai, B ko kewal B wala de sakta hai. Lekin yadi family mein koi matching donor available nahi hai to hamare paas option hota hai ki hum KBO incompatible transplant kare.

Us case mei patients ke blood group ki antibodies ko wash kiya jata hai jisse woh donor ki woh kidney jo doosre blood group ki hai usko woh reject na kare. Isme expenses almost double ho jata hai lekin yeh cheez ki ja sakti hai. Ya doosre upaay hota hai ki yadi do patients hote hain jinke relatives dono ke aapas mein mismatch hai lekin vo ek dusre ko yadi cross kare - kisi A patient ka jo donor hai vo B patient ke donor se match kar raha hai to B patient ke donor ko vo accept karle aur A patient ka donor B patient Ko dede. Isko hum swapping kehte hain. Iss tarike se ye vyavastha ki jati hai aur dono ka transplant saath saath karke aapas mein donors ko cross kar diya jata hai. Aur iss tarike se kidney transplant hota hai. Kidney transplant ke baad patient ki life bilkul normal ho jati hai. Usko immuno-suppressant, jo ki immunity ko suppress karne wali dawai hoti hai vo life long leni hoti hai. Aur regular usko apne transplant surgeon aur nephrologist ke contact mei rehna hota hai.

Dhanyavad!