Penile Cancer: What are the Causes and Symptoms?
Penile cancer is a rare type of cancer that occurs when cancer cells develop in the tissues of the penis. It originates in the skin cells of the penis and gradually works its way inside. Eventually, cancer may spread to other parts of the body – organs, glands, or the lymph nodes.
The most common form of penile cancer develops in the squamous cells (flat skin cells). It typically originates at the tip of the penis or on the foreskin.
What are the causes of penile cancer?
Doctors are yet to detect the causes of penile cancer. However, there are certain factors or reasons that may increase your likelihood of being affected by the disease.
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Uncircumcised men are prone to penile cancer. If bodily fluids trapped in the foreskin are not washed away, they may lead to the growth of cancer cells.
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Exposure to HPV or Human papillomavirus may put you at risk of penile cancer.
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Smoking is also a probable risk factor for penile cancer.
This type of cancer is usually observable in men who are over 60 years of age and have a weak immune system.
What are the ‘warning signs’ of penile cancer?
The first sign of penile cancer is usually a change in the skin of the penis. Typically, it is observed on the glans of the penis or on the foreskin. ]The changes may include –
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Discolouration of the skin around the penis
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A portion of the skin becoming thick
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Formation of a lump
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Formation of crusty, small bumps
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Velvety, red rashes beneath the foreskin
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Bleeding or persistent foul-smelling discharge below the foreskin
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Flat, bluish-brown growths
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Swelling of the lymph nodes around the groin region
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Irritation and itching
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Penile lesion or wart-like growth that may be painful
These symptoms may not be visible unless the foreskin is drawn back. Most people do not discuss the above signs with healthcare professionals. This often delays the diagnosis of the disease and prevents them from seeking appropriate treatment.
Penile cancer is curable in its initial stages. Therefore, watch out for the warning signs. If you experience the symptoms cited above, visit a specialist and get yourself diagnosed. He/she will recommend a suitable treatment, depending on the type of cancer, which part has it affected and how far the disease has spread.