Tuberculosis

Aaj mai aapse tuberculosis ke bare mei bat krunga. Tuberculosis ek bahut khatarnak bimari hai joki hindustan mei bahut tez gati se badhti ja rahi hai. Agar hum duniya bhar ke aankade dekhen, takriban 1/3 population vo tuberculosis se effected hain.

Ek insan jo hai jisko tuberculosis hai vo lag bhag 10-15 logon ko 1 saal ke andar tuberculosis ki bimari de skta hai. Agar hindustan ke ankade dekhen to 1000 logon ki mrityu hoti hai tuberculosis se. Iska mtlb hai har 3 minute mei 2 vyaktiyon ki mrityu ho rahi hai. Ye bimari ek bacteria se hoti hai jiska naam mycobacterium tuberculosis hai. Ye ek insaan se dusre insaan mein transmit ho sakta hai. Tuberculosis ka case generally lungs mei hota hai.

Agar koi insaan khasta hai, chinkata hai, tez bolta hai, even agar gaata hai to uske thook se, bulgum se jo kitadun hote hain, vo dusre insan ke andar lungs ke through jakar infection kar sakte hain. Tuberculosis generally lungs ki bimari hoti hai. But ye bimari lungs ke alawa kisi bhi organs mei ho skti hai. Jaise ki hadiyon ki tuberculosis hui, heart ki tuberculosis hui, naak, kaan, galle ki tuberculosis hui ya kidney ki tuberculosis hui. Is tarha se koi bhi organ affect ho skta hai.

Agar hum tuberculosis ke signs aur symptoms dekhen vo hain fever, weight loss hona, bhukh na lagna, kamjori, thakavat, is tarha ke general symptoms hote hain. Baki jo signs or symptoms hote hain, vo TB kis jagha pe hai, uspe depend krta hai. Jaise ki insan ko agar fefde ka TB ho to insan ko khasi or bulgum ata hai. Kbhi kbhi bulgum mei khoon bhi aa skta hai. Insan ko chest mei pain ho skta hai. Joki bhut tez bhi ho skta hai kbhi kbhi. Aur saans fulne ki dikkat ho skti hai. Agar reed ki haddi ki ya koi aur haddi ki TB hai to hadiyon mei dard hoga or kamjoori mehsus hogi.

Tuberculosis ko diagnose karna bahut kathin kaam nahi hai. Tuberculosis agar lungs ki hai to use hum x-ray krte hain or bulgum ki janch krte hain. Agar tuberculosis bones ki suspect kar rhen hain ya pait ki ya aanton ki suspect kar rhen hain to uske liye specialised test hote hain jaise ultrasound, CT scan. Joki visheshagya aapko prescribe krte hain. Ek bhut hi common question pucha jata hai ke mantoux test kya hota hai. Mantoux test ek skin test hai joki hume ye btata hai ki kisi insan ko tuberculosis infection hai ya nhi hai. To agar humne ye test karaya or agar vo positive ata hai , to iska matlab ye hai ki hamare andar tuberculosis infection hai. Iska matlab ye nahi hai ki humein tuberculosis ki bimari hai.

BCG vaccination paida hote waqt ek navjaat shishu ko diya jata hai. Ye jo vaccination hai ye tuberculosis ke infection ko prevent krta hai. Aur bimari ko bahut tez hone se bachata hai. Lekin hume ye dhyan rkhna chaiye ki BCG vaccination hone ke baad bhi hume tuberculosis ki bimari ho skti hai. Ab agar humein tuberculosis ki bimari ka pta lag gya hai ki usme infection hai ya disease hai to hum ek vishagya se consult kren aur apna ilaj shuru kren. Generally TB ka ilaj 6-12 mahine ka hota hai. Aur iske liye prescribed dawaiyan hain joki ek regular routine ke hisab se di jati hai. Tuberculosis ki dawaiyan jo hain, ek chiz dhyan rkhen ki hume regularly khani hai. Tuberculosis ki dawayi hum kbhi skip nhi kar skte.

Tuberculosis ki dawaiyan kayi saari hoti hai,  to isliye starting mein kuch side effects ho skte hain or un side effects ke bare hume pta hona chaiye kyuki hum apne vishagye se jankari le skte hain. Kuch blood test bhi regular basis pe required hote hain. Agar hum ilaj thik se nhi krte hain ya kisi vajha se chuth jata hai, dhyan rkhiye ye bhut TB ka kharatnak rup hota hai MDR bolte hain ya multi-drug registered tuberculosis joki aaj kal bahut preshani ka vishye hai. Iss bimari ka ilaj krna bahut mushkil hai or dawaiyan bahut mehangi hain. Aur koi bhi unko afford nhi kar skta. Isliye dhyan rkhiye jaisa hamara vishashgya ilaaj btaye vaise hume krna hai or dawaiyan kbhi bhi chorni nhi hai. Dhanywad!