What Is Cystitis?

What Is Cystitis?

• Cystitis usually occurs when the urethra and bladder, which are normally sterile, or microbe-free, become infected with bacteria.
• Bacteria fasten to the lining of the bladder and cause the area to become irritated and inflamed.
• Cystitis affects people of both sexes and all ages. It is more common among females than males because women have shorter urethras.

Cystitis signs and symptoms :

• A strong, persistent urge to urinate
• A burning sensation when urinating
• Passing frequent, small amounts of urine
• Blood in the urine (hematuria)
• Passing cloudy or strong-smelling urine
• Pelvic discomfort
• A feeling of pressure in the lower abdomen
• Low-grade fever
• In young children, new episodes of accidental daytime wetting also may be a sign of a urinary tract infection (UTI). Nighttime bed-wetting on its own isn't likely to be associated with a UTI.

Causes :

There are many possible causes of cystitis. Most are infectious, and the majority of these cases stem from an ascending infection. The bacteria enter from the external genitourinary structures​

Diagnosis :

• A doctor will ask the patient some questions, carry out an examination, and do a urine test. The urine test will either be sent to a laboratory, or the doctor may use a dipstick. Urine dipstick results come back quickly while the patient is still in the office.
• Urine culture or catheterized urine specimen may be performed to determine the type of bacteria in the urine. After finding out which specific bacterium is causing the infection, the doctor will prescribe an oral antibiotic.
• Most doctors will also offer to test for a sexually transmitted infection (STI). STIs often have similar symptoms to cystitis.
• Patients who get cystitis regularly may need further tests.
• This could include an ultrasound scan, an X-ray, or a cystoscopy of the bladder, using a fiber-optic camera.

Prevention:

• Drink plenty of liquids, especially water. Drinking lots of fluids are especially important if you're getting chemotherapy or radiation therapy, particularly on treatment days.
• Urinate frequently. If you feel the urge to urinate, don't delay using the toilet.
• Wipe from front to back after a bowel movement. This prevents bacteria in the anal region from spreading to the vagina and urethra.
• Take showers rather than tub baths. If you're susceptible to infections, showering rather than bathing may help prevent them.
• Gently wash the skin around the vagina and anus. Do this daily, but don't use harsh soaps or wash too vigorously. The delicate skin around these areas can become irritated.
• Empty your bladder as soon as possible after intercourse. Drink a full glass of water to help flush bacteria.
• Avoid using deodorant sprays or feminine products in the genital area. These products can irritate the urethra and bladder