Erythroplasia of Queyrat: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment and Cost

Erythroplasia of Queyrat is a rare and potentially premalignant skin condition found on the genitalia and surrounding areas. It is characterised by a red, velvety patch which may become ulcerated or crusty. It typically affects men, but can also affect women.

Erythroplasia of Queyrat (EQ) is a rare, precancerous skin condition that affects the moist skin of the genital area and sometimes the mouth. It is also known as Bowenoid Papulosis or Inverted Follicular Keratosis. EQ usually appears as red, scaly patches on the glans (head) of the penis in males and on the vulva in females.

There are three types of EQ which are classic, hypertrophic, and erosive EQ. Each type has its own characteristics and needs to be treated differently.

• Classic EQ: This type appears as red or purplish patches that may have a slightly raised border or scale on top of them. There may be several small bumps within the patch that resemble pimples or blisters.
• Hypertrophic EQ: This type appears as thickened red-brown patches with a raised border that is often scaly and firm to touch. These patches can be painful during intercourse if they are located near sensitive areas such as around the clitoris or on the shaft of the penis.
• Erosive EQ: This type appears as red-brown eroded areas with superficial ulcerations that may bleed easily when touched or scratched lightly with a fingernail.

The exact cause of Erythroplasia of Queyrat is unknown, although it is believed to be linked to a weakened immune system or exposure to ultraviolet light. Treatment typically involves antifungal medications or topical creams.

Erythroplasia of Queyrat is characterised by a crimson patch with a velvety texture that appears on the head of the penis, also known as the glans. This patch, which may create discomfort during sexual activity, may be itchy or uncomfortable. It may also irritate the skin. Other symptoms can include:

• Swelling
• White patches on the skin
• Blisters that ooze fluid or bleed
• Burning sensation when passing urine
• Painful erection
• Discharge from the penis.

Erythroplasia of Queyrat is a rare skin condition caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). To prevent it, it is important to practice safe sex and avoid direct contact with any infected areas.

Additionally, regularly examining any suspicious changes in the genital area can help identify and treat any infection before it becomes a more serious problem. Finally, quitting smoking or avoiding secondhand smoke may also reduce the risk of developing Erythroplasia of Queyrat.

• Physical exam: It will help a doctor determine if there are any suspicious signs or symptoms associated with EQ. During this exam, the doctor will look for red patches on the skin that are scaly or thickened with white borders. The doctor may also feel for areas of tenderness or pain in the affected area.
• Biopsy: The biopsy of the affected area may also be requested to confirm diagnosis. This involves taking a small sample of tissue from the affected area and looking at it under a microscope to check for abnormal cells associated with EQ.
• Finally, laboratory tests may be used to further investigate an EQ diagnosis by looking for evidence of infection in the body. Tests such as ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) can detect antibodies against certain viruses that can cause EQ in order to confirm an infection has taken place. Other tests such as PCR (polymerase chain reaction) can detect viral DNA in order to identify which virus is causing the infection.

• Possible complications of this condition include an increased risk of developing penile cancer, difficulty with urination, and pain or discomfort during sexual intercourse.
• In severe instances, the region that is being impacted may become ulcerated or bleed.
• If left untreated, Erythroplasia of Queyrat can lead to disfigurement and a decreased quality of life.

• Turmeric: Turmeric is a powerful natural antiseptic and anti-inflammatory agent. Erythroplasia of Queyrat is known to be connected with inflammation, discomfort, and irritation; this remedy can help alleviate these symptoms. To make use of turmeric, combine one level teaspoon of ground turmeric with one glass of hot water and consume this mixture on a regular basis.
• Coconut oil: Coconut oil is rich in lauric acid which has antimicrobial properties that may help reduce the infection causing erythroplasia of Queyrat. Apply some warm coconut oil on the affected area several times daily to get relief from the symptoms.
• Aloe vera: In cases of erythroplasia of Queyrat, the use of aloe vera, which has both anti-inflammatory and antibacterial qualities, can assist in the reduction of inflammation and the acceleration of the healing process. The best effects may be achieved by removing the fresh aloe vera gel from an aloe leaf, and then applying it directly to the afflicted region on a twice-daily basis.
• Tea tree oil: Tea tree oil contains antifungal, antiviral, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties which may help reduce inflammation, pain, itching associated with erythroplasia of Queyrat . Dilute a few drops of tea tree essential oil with few drops olive or coconut oil before applying it topically on the affected area twice daily for best results.

• Foods to eat in Erythroplasia of Queyrat include
• A variety of fruits and vegetables,
• Lean proteins such as fish, poultry, and beans,
• Whole grains, low fat dairy products, and healthy fats like nuts and seeds. It is also important to drink plenty of water throughout the day.

• Patients with Erythroplasia of Queyrat should avoid foods that are high in sugar, fat, and processed carbohydrates.
• Foods to avoid include fried foods, processed meats, white breads and pastas, sugary snacks and desserts, and refined grains.
• Eating a balanced diet that is high in fruits and vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains can help reduce symptoms of Erythroplasia of Queyrat.

Treatment for erythroplasia of Queyrat may involve

• Medications: The use of oral and topical medications such as topical 5-fluorouracil cream or imiquimod cream, is seen as a part of treatment.
• Laser Therapy: Laser therapy is an effective treatment for erythroplasia of Queyrat. It involves the use of high-intensity light to target and destroy the abnormal cells in the affected area. Laser therapy can reduce inflammation, pain, and scarring. It is usually done in a doctor's office or clinic and requires multiple treatments to achieve desired results. Side effects may include skin discoloration, redness, swelling, and blisters.
• Cryosurgery: Cryosurgery is a type of treatment for Erythroplasia of Queyrat that involves using extreme cold temperatures to freeze and destroy the affected area. This procedure can be done in a doctor's office or dermatology clinic, and it typically takes less than an hour to complete. Cryosurgery has been found to be effective in treating Erythroplasia of Queyrat, with over 80% of patients achieving satisfactory results after one treatment.
• Electrosurgery: Electrosurgery is a viable treatment option for Erythroplasia of Queyrat. This method can be used to remove tumours, reduce inflammation, and stop the spread of abnormal cells.

Treatment for this condition usually involves topical medicines prescribed by a dermatologist or urologist.

A dermatologist is typically the best doctor to consult for Erythroplasia of Queyrat, as they specialise in treating skin conditions.

The best treatment for Erythroplasia of Queyrat is typically topical medications. These can include imiquimod, 5-fluorouracil, or a combination of both.

Other treatments may include cryotherapy (freezing the area), laser therapy, or surgical removal of the lesion.

Recovery from Erythroplasia of Queyrat (EQ) varies depending on the severity of the condition, as well as the individual's response to treatment. Generally, recovery can take anywhere from a few weeks to several months, depending on the type of treatment used.

The treatment of Erythroplasia of Queyrat (also known as Bowen's Disease) is typically effective in eliminating the condition and reducing the risk of further recurrences. In some cases, however, there may be recurrence after treatment and long-term follow-up is often recommended.

The success rate of treatment depends on many factors such as the size and severity of the lesion, how early it was treated, and the type of treatment used.

Ultimately, results from treatment for Erythroplasia of Queyrat can be permanent for some patients; however, it is important to note that there is a chance for recurrence and ongoing medical care is necessary.

Post treatment guidelines may include:

• Follow-up examinations at regular intervals to confirm that the lesion has not resurfaced, expanded or contracted, or changed form.
• Keeping the area clean with a mild soap and water solution
• Applying an antifungal cream or ointment as directed by your doctor
• Protecting the area from sun exposure with a sunscreen
• Refraining from sexual activity until the wound has healed completely
• Avoiding vigorous scrubbing or exfoliation in the area

The cost of treatment for Erythroplasia of Queyrat in India can vary significantly depending on the type and severity of the condition. Generally, treatments such as topical creams and cryotherapy may cost between Rs. 5,000 to 10,000 or more.More advanced treatments such as laser therapy or surgery may cost upwards of Rs. 20,000 to 50,000 or more depending on the area affected and other factors such as hospital charges. Additionally, follow-up visits to check up on the progress of treatment may also add to the overall cost.

The side effects of treatments for Erythroplasia of Queyrat can vary depending on the specific treatment being used.

Common side effects include skin irritation, itching, burning, swelling, and pain where the treatment was applied. In rare cases, scarring or changes in skin colour may occur.

If you are suffering from swelling on your genitals, white patches on its skin, blisters that ooze fluid or bleed, burning sensation when passing urine, painful erection then you might have erythroplasia of queyrat and you should see a doctor or book an online appointment with a urologist, sexologist for its treatment.