34+ Best Doctors for Gynecomastia in Kolkata

Gynecomastia is a medical condition in which due to hormonal imbalance breast tissue gets expanded in a male. It results in the appearance of swollen or overdeveloped breasts. This can happen in males of any age, including infants, adolescents, and adults. It is commonly seen during three periods of life: at birth (due to the presence of maternal hormones), during puberty (due to hormonal changes), and in older age (due to hormonal imbalances or certain medical conditions). The precise reason for gynecomastia is not always known, but it is often associated with an imbalance in the hormones oestrogen and testosterone. Oestrogen is a female hormone that can stimulate breast tissue growth, while testosterone is a male hormone that suppresses it. Increase in oestrogen or decrease in testosterone in comparison to oestrogen can lead to this condition. Various factors can contribute to hormonal imbalances, including:

• Puberty: Hormonal changes during adolescence can cause temporary gynecomastia in up to 70% of boys.
• Medications: There are certain medications like anti-androgens, anabolic steroids, anti-anxiety drugs, tricyclic antidepressants, and some antibiotics, which can lead to gynecomastia as a side effect.
• Health conditions: Various health conditions, such as liver disease, kidney disease, obesity, hormonal disorders (e.g., hypogonadism, hyperthyroidism), tumours (e.g., testicular, adrenal, pituitary), and certain types of cancer, can lead to gynecomastia. Substance abuse: The use of alcohol, marijuana, and certain illicit drugs, including anabolic steroids and heroin, can contribute to gynecomastia.

The treatment for gynecomastia depends on its underlying cause and may include addressing any hormonal imbalances, discontinuing medications that may be causing it, treating underlying health conditions, or, in some cases, surgical removal of the excess breast tissue.

The treatment for gynecomastia can vary depending on the inhere cause, severity of the condition, and individual preferences. Here are some common types of gynecomastia treatment:

• Observation: In some cases, especially during puberty, gynecomastia may resolve on its own without any specific treatment. Doctors may recommend monitoring the condition over time to see if it improves spontaneously.
• Medications: Tamoxifen, raloxifene and such medications help block the effects of oestrogen on breast tissue and can reduce its size.
• Surgical intervention: When gynecomastia persists or causes significant physical or psychological discomfort, surgery may be considered. There are two primary surgical options:
1. a. Liposuction: Here excessive fat is surgically removed. It is very fruitful if gynecomastia is mainly due to excess fatty tissue.
2. b. Mastectomy: In cases where there is excessive glandular tissue or significant breast enlargement, surgical removal of the breast gland may be necessary.
• Lifestyle changes: In certain cases, lifestyle modifications can help reduce gynecomastia. This includes weight loss and regular exercise to decrease overall body fat and improve hormonal balance. Additionally, avoiding substances that can contribute to gynecomastia, such as alcohol, marijuana, and anabolic steroids, may be recommended.

It's important to note that the choice of treatment depends on individual factors, and a healthcare professional should evaluate and guide you through the options. They will consider factors such as the underlying cause, severity, age, overall health, and personal preferences to determine the most suitable treatment approach.

There are instances where surgical intervention for gynecomastia becomes necessary. Let’s explore the circumstances in which gynecomastia may require surgery.

• When Conservative Measures Fail: In cases where gynecomastia persists despite conservative approaches such as observation and medication, surgical intervention may be recommended. This typically occurs when the condition causes significant physical discomfort, emotional distress, or affects an individual's quality of life.
• Persistent Glandular Overgrowth: If gynecomastia involves excessive glandular tissue growth, liposuction alone may not provide satisfactory results. Surgical removal of the glandular tissue, known as a mastectomy, becomes necessary. Mastectomy effectively reduces breast size and restores a more masculine chest contour.
• Excess Skin and Sagging: In cases where gynecomastia has led to significant skin laxity and sagging, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove the excess skin. This is particularly common in cases of massive weight loss or in older individuals. A combination of liposuction and skin excision techniques, such as a breast lift or skin tightening, can help achieve a more aesthetically pleasing chest appearance.
• Psychological Distress and Body Image Concerns: Gynecomastia can negatively impact self-esteem, body image, and overall psychological well-being. When the condition causes significant psychological distress or impairs an individual's quality of life, surgical intervention may be considered. Surgery can provide relief from the emotional burden of living with enlarged breasts, leading to improved self-confidence and body satisfaction.
• Adolescents: In some cases, gynecomastia that develops during puberty may not resolve spontaneously and can persist into adulthood. Adolescent boys experiencing severe gynecomastia that affects their self-esteem and emotional well-being may be candidates for surgery. However, it is important to evaluate the stage of development, as the condition may resolve as puberty progresses.

Gynecomastia that does not resolve on its own and causes significant physical or psychological distress may require surgical intervention. Surgical options such as mastectomy, liposuction, and skin excision techniques can effectively reduce breast size, reshape the chest, and restore a more masculine appearance. Surgical intervention can have a positive impact on self-esteem, body image, and overall well-being, ultimately improving the quality of life for individuals with persistent gynecomastia.

Before undergoing gynecomastia surgery, a thorough evaluation and diagnosis are essential to ensure appropriate treatment. Here are the common diagnostic steps and tests conducted before gynecomastia surgery:

• Medical History: The surgeon will begin by taking a detailed medical history, including information about any medications, herbal supplements, or illicit drugs the individual is taking. Certain medications and substances can contribute to gynecomastia or affect the surgical outcome, so it is crucial to provide accurate information.
• Physical Examination: A comprehensive physical examination will be performed, focusing on the breast tissue, chest contour, and overall body composition. The surgeon will assess the size, consistency, and symmetry of the breasts and evaluate the quality of the skin.
• Hormonal Evaluation: Hormonal imbalances can contribute to gynecomastia. Depending on the individual's age and symptoms, hormone levels may be assessed through blood tests.
• Imaging Studies: In certain cases, imaging studies may be conducted to evaluate the breast tissue and rule out any underlying abnormalities. This can include ultrasound or mammography to assess the composition and density of the breast tissue and detect any suspicious masses or tumours.
• Other Laboratory Tests: Additional laboratory tests may be ordered to assess liver function, kidney function, and overall health status.
• Psychological Assessment: In cases where gynecomastia is causing significant psychological distress, a psychological evaluation may be conducted. This assessment helps determine the individual's mental well-being, body image concerns, and the potential impact of surgery on their psychological health.
• Consultation and Discussion: Once the diagnostic tests are complete, the surgeon will review the findings with the individual, discuss treatment options, and address any concerns or questions.

The goal of the pre-operative assessment is to ensure an accurate diagnosis, determine the underlying cause of gynecomastia, and tailor the surgical approach to achieve the best possible outcome for the patient.

Gynecomastia surgery is performed by a plastic surgeon specialising in breast procedures. The surgical technique employed depends on the individual's specific condition, including the extent of breast tissue enlargement, excess skin, and the desired outcome. Here is an overview of the common surgical approaches used in gynecomastia operations:

• Liposuction Technique:
• The liposuction technique is commonly used when gynecomastia is primarily due to excess fatty tissue without significant glandular overgrowth. The procedure involves the following steps:
1. a. Anaesthesia: General anaesthesia or local anaesthesia with sedation is administered to ensure the patient's comfort during the procedure.
2. b. Incision Placement: Small incisions (approximately 3-4 mm) are made either around the areola or in the underarm area.
3. c. Fat Removal: Cannula which is a thin, hollow tube, is positioned inside through a cut. The surgeon slowly pushes the cannula back and forth to loosen and suction out excess fat from the breast area.
4. d. Contouring: After fat removal, the surgeon carefully sculpts and contours the remaining breast tissue to create a natural-looking chest contour.
• Mastectomy Technique:
• When gynecomastia involves excess glandular tissue or sagging skin, a mastectomy technique may be employed. This includes the following process:
1. a. Anaesthesia: General anaesthesia is administered to ensure the patient's comfort.
2. b. Incision Placement: Incisions are made around the areola to get access to the breast tissue.
3. c. Tissue Removal: The surgeon excises the excess glandular tissue, fatty tissue, and any other abnormal breast structures through the incisions. In cases of significant skin sagging, excess skin may also be removed.
4. d. Nipple Repositioning: In some cases, the nipple-areola complex may need to be repositioned to achieve a more natural appearance. Nipple is repositioned to a more natural and higher place on the chest.
• Post-operative Care: After gynecomastia surgery, the patient is observed in a recovery area. The surgeon will provide detailed instructions regarding post-operative care, including wearing compression garments to minimise swelling, avoiding strenuous activities, taking prescribed medications, and attending follow-up appointments.

Consulting with a qualified plastic surgeon is crucial to determine the most suitable surgical technique for achieving the desired outcome.

Gynecomastia surgery in Kolkata offers numerous benefits to individuals who are affected by it. Some are as follows:

• Improved Physical Appearance: Gynecomastia surgery provides a more masculine chest contour. This can help individuals feel more confident and happy with their physical appearance.
• Enhanced Self-Confidence: Gynecomastia can significantly impact self-esteem and body image. By addressing the condition through surgery, individuals often experience a boost in self-confidence. They can feel more comfortable in social and intimate situations, leading to improved overall well-being.
• Clothing Choices: Gynecomastia surgery allows individuals to wear a wider range of clothing styles, including t-shirts, shirts, and swimwear, without feeling self-conscious or restricted.
• Psychological Well-being: Gynecomastia can cause emotional distress, anxiety, and even depression in some individuals. Surgical intervention can alleviate these psychological burdens, promoting a better overall mental state and emotional well-being.
• Personal and Professional Relationships: Addressing gynecomastia can positively impact personal relationships and interactions. Improved self-confidence and a more positive body image can lead to stronger personal connections and enhanced professional interactions.
• Physical Comfort: Gynecomastia can cause physical discomfort, such as tenderness, pain, or sensitivity in the breast area. Gynecomastia surgery can relieve these discomforts, allowing individuals to engage in physical activities without hindrance.
• Permanent Results: Gynecomastia surgery offers long-lasting or permanent results. Once the excess breast tissue is removed, it typically does not return.
• Psychological Stress Reduction: Living with gynecomastia can lead to significant psychological stress, including embarrassment, self-consciousness, and social anxiety. Gynecomastia surgery can alleviate these stressors, allowing individuals to feel more at ease in various social settings.
• Individualised Approach:The surgical plan takes into account the extent of breast tissue enlargement, excess skin, and the desired outcome. This personalised approach ensures that the procedure addresses the unique concerns and goals of the patient.

Consulting with a healthcare professional is crucial to assess the individual's eligibility for surgery and to discuss the potential risks, benefits, and expected outcomes based on their specific situation.

Some possible side effects include:

• Bruising and Swelling: After gynecomastia surgery, individuals may experience bruising and swelling around the surgical site.
• Discomfort or Pain: Some individuals might experience mild pain or uneasiness following surgery. This can be taken care of by doctor recommended medications.
• Scarring: Gynecomastia surgery involves incisions, which may result in minimal scarring. However, skilled surgeons take care to make incisions in inconspicuous areas, such as around the areola, to minimise visible scarring.
• Numbness or Changes in Sensation: Temporary numbness or changes in sensation around the surgical site, including the nipples, may occur. Sensation typically returns gradually over time, but in rare cases, it may persist.
• Infection: Although rare, there is a risk of infection. If signs of infection, such as increased pain, redness, or discharge, occur, it is important to notify the surgeon promptly for appropriate treatment.
• Hematoma: A hematoma is a collection of blood under the skin, and it can occur after surgery. Drainage tubes and compression garments are often used to reduce chances of hematoma formation.

While the risks associated with gynecomastia surgery are relatively low, it is essential to consult with a qualified and experienced plastic surgeon. They can provide personalised information about the potential side effects based on the individual's specific situation, discuss any concerns, and address questions to ensure a well-informed decision regarding the procedure.

Recovering from gynecomastia surgery is an important part of the overall treatment process. Proper post-operative care and allowing sufficient time for healing are crucial for optimal results. Here are some general guidelines on how to recover after gynecomastia surgery and an estimated duration of recovery:

• Follow Surgeon's Instructions: It is essential to carefully follow the post-operative instructions provided by your surgeon.
• Rest and Limit Physical Activity: Adequate rest is necessary to facilitate healing. Gradually reintroduce exercise and physical activities as advised by your surgeon.
• Manage Pain and Discomfort: Mild pain or discomfort is common after surgery. Take prescribed pain medications or over-the-counter pain relievers as recommended by your surgeon to alleviate any discomfort during the recovery period.
• Monitor Incisions: Follow your surgeon's instructions on caring for the incisions, including any recommended wound dressings or ointments.
• Wear Compression Garments: Compression garments help minimise swelling and provide support to the surgical site.
• Control Swelling: Swelling is a normal part of the healing process. Applying cold compresses or ice packs to the chest area during the initial days following surgery can help reduce swelling. Avoid heat exposure, saunas, and hot tubs, as they can increase swelling.
• Monitor and Report any Concerns: Keep an eye on the healing process and look for any signs of infection, excessive bleeding, or unusual symptoms.

The recovery duration can vary from individual to individual based on factors such as the extent of the procedure, individual healing rates, and the specific surgical technique used. In general, most individuals can expect to resume regular daily activities within one to two weeks after surgery.